川藏铁路雅安至林芝段工程地质环境及主要工程地质问题  

Engineering Geological Environment and Main Engineering Geological Problems of Ya’an—Linzhi Section of the Sichuan—Tibet Railway

作　　者：徐正宣[1,2] 张利国 蒋良文[2] 王科[2] 张广泽[2] 冯涛[2] 王栋[2] 宋章[2] 伊小娟[2] 王哲威[2] 林之恒[2] 欧阳吉[2] 张晓宇[4] XU Zhengxuan;ZHANG Liguo;JIANG Liangwen;WANG Ke;ZHANG Guangze;FENG Tao;WANG Dong;SONG Zhang;YI Xiaojuan;WANG Zhewei;LIN Zhiheng;OUYANG Ji;ZHANG Xiaoyu(Southwest Jiaotong Univ.,Chengdu 611756,China;China Railway Eryuan Eng.Group Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;Sichuan—Tibet Railway Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610045,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Inst.Group Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学,四川成都611756 [2]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,四川成都610031 [3]川藏铁路有限公司,四川成都610045 [4]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《工程科学与技术》2021年第3期29-42,共14页Advanced Engineering Sciences

基　　金：四川省重点研发项目(2019YFG0460,2019YFG0001);中国铁路总公司重大项目(P2018G046)。

摘　　要：为全面掌握川藏铁路雅安至林芝段沿线区域工程地质环境,查清主要工程地质问题,为建设施工和通车运营提供科学依据,通过归纳总结各阶段勘察设计、科研专题研究成果,详细阐述了川藏铁路雅安至林芝段工程地质环境,系统分析了主要工程地质问题,提出铁路减灾选线原则,以及主要工程地质问题的工程对策建议、施工和运营阶段需要重点关注的重大工程地质问题及研究重点。结论表明:1)川藏铁路雅安至林芝段具有显著的地形高差、强烈的板块活动、频发的山地灾害、敏感的生态环境、恶劣的气候条件、薄弱的基础设施等六大工程环境特征,也是工程建设面临的六大挑战;具有工程建设环境极其恶劣、铁路长大坡度前所未有、超长深埋隧道最为集中、山地灾害防范任务艰巨、生态环境保护责任重大五大工程建设难题;具有高原高山峡谷区地理数据快速准确获取难、地质灾害早期识别评估难、超级工程与物流保障难、生态环境风险大、重大工程建设及防控风险大等"三难两大"风险。2)研究区域属大型滑坡、冰川泥石流、冰湖溃决等山地灾害的集中区和易发区,并且各类灾害在复杂的环境条件下易形成链生性灾害;研究区域内的活动断裂与高烈度地震、高地应力、高地温、高压涌突水等多场耦合下的深埋隧道重大不良地质发育,影响和制约铁路工程选线及工程建设。3)采用"空天地"综合勘察手段,查明研究区的主要工程地质问题,采用隧道穿越方式绕避大型复杂的浅表地质灾害;采用减少埋深、缩短长度、傍山靠河、走行于相对低温廊道、避开长大水平径流区等针对性工程措施,可有效应对浅表层及隧道不良地质问题。4)研究成果对川藏铁路的建设施工运营有一定的指导意义,也可为滇藏、中尼等铁路的勘察设计及建设施工提供参考。To fully understand the regional engineering geological environment and find out main engineering problems along Ya’an—Linzhi section of the Sichuan—Tibet Railway,the findings were obtained by various stages of survey and design,scientific research,aiming to provide a scientific basis for construction and operation.Geological environment and its related engineering problems were systematically analyzed.Principles of railway disaster reduction and route selection were proposed.Major engineering geological problems and research emphases were presented,which great attention should be given to during the construction and operation.The results suggested that:1)Ya’an—Linzhi section of the Sichuan—Tibet Railway has six major engineering environmental characteristics and challenges,such as significant elevation difference,strong plate activity,frequent mountain disasters,sensitive ecological environment,harsh climatic conditions and weak infrastructure.There are five difficult problems in the construction of the project,such as extremely bad construction environment,unprecedented long and steep slope of the railway,most concentrated super-long and deep buried tunnel,arduous task of mountain disaster prevention and heavy responsibility of ecological environment protection.There are five kinds of risks,which are difficult to acquire geographic data quickly and accurately,difficult to identify and evaluate geological disasters early,difficult to guarantee super engineering and logistics,difficult to protect ecological environment,and difficult to construct major engineering and high to prevent and control risks.2)The study area is the concentration and prone area of largescale landslide,glacier debris flow,ice lake outburst and other mountain disasters,and all kinds of disasters are likely to form chain disasters under complex environmental conditions.The major adverse geological evolution of deep-buried tunnels under the coupling of active faults,high intensity earthquake,high geostress,high geotemperature,high

关 键 词：川藏铁路 工程地质环境特征 链生灾害 深埋隧道 减灾选线 

分 类 号：P5[天文地球—地质学]