不同茶树品种鲜叶原料组配对加工红茶的品质影响  

Effect of Raw Material Combination of Fresh Leaves of Different Tea Varieties on the Quality of Processed BlackTea

作　　者：刘嵩彬 项希 李兰兰 屈青云 徐洋洋 王继国 李适[1] 肖文军[1] 龚志华[1] LIU Songbin;XIANG Xi;LI Lanlan;QU Qingyun;XU Yangyang;WANG Jiguo;LI Shi;XIAO Wenjun;GONG Zhihua(Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;The Impression of Shimen Tea Ancestor Taiping Tea Professional Cooperative,Shimen 415300,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]石门县茶祖印象太平茶业专业合作社,湖南石门415300

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2021年第2期259-265,共7页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：湖南省科技厅创新平台与人才计划项目(2019NK4163)。

摘　　要：以碧香早、金萱、黄金芽三个茶树品种一芽二叶的揉捻叶为原料,进行两两组配或三者组配,其他加工工艺条件相同。结果表明可提高红茶中的水浸出物、茶黄素、酚氨比、黄酮、可溶性糖的含量,进而提升红茶品质。其中,以碧香早、金萱、黄金芽三者茶鲜叶组配比例为3∶3.5∶3.5时效果最佳,与碧香早单一品种茶鲜叶加工的红茶相比,其滋味更醇厚,茶黄素、水浸出物、黄酮、可溶性糖含量显著增加(P<0.05),分别增加0.17%、2.14%、0.84%与0.75%,酚氨比显著提高2.35(P<0.05);其香气成分较碧香早单一品种红茶的香气成分多出11种;其四氢-α,α,5-三甲基-5-乙烯基呋喃-2-甲醇提高了3.11%、香叶醇提高了6.53%。The rolled leaves of Bixiangzao,Jinxuan and Huangjinya tea varieties with one bud and two leaves were used as raw materials to make pairwise or three combinations,other processing conditions were the same.The results showed that the content of water extract,theaflavins,phenol-ammonia ratio,flavonoids and soluble sugar in black tea could be increased,so as to improve the quality of black tea.Among them,Bixiangzao,Jinxuan,and Golden Bud had the best results when the ratio of the three fresh tea leaves was 3∶3.5∶3.5.Compared with the black tea made from fresh tea leaves of a single variety of Bixiangzao,its taste was more mellow,the content of theaflavins,water extracts,flavonoids,and soluble sugars increased significantly(P<0.05)by 0.17%,2.14%,0.84%and 0.75%,respectively,and the phenol-ammonia ratio significantly increased by 2.35(P<0.05);There were 11 more aroma components in the tea than those in the single variety of Bixiangzao;its tetrahydro-α,α,5-trimethyl-5-vinylfuran-2-methanol increased by 3.11%;geraniol increased by 6.53%.

关 键 词：茶叶加工 红茶 原料组配 感官品质 滋味品质 香气品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]