元谋干热河谷甜角和酸角氨基酸组成及矿质元素含量  

Characteristics of amino acid composition and mineral elements for Tamarindus indica L.in Yuanmou arid-hot valley

作　　者：袁建民[1,2] 杨晓琼 许智萍 孔维喜 宋子波[3] 赵琼玲 瞿文林 雷虓[1,2] 何璐 YUAN Jianmin;YANG Xiaoqiong;XU Zhiping;KONG Weixi;SONG Zibo;ZHAOQiongling;QU Wenlin;LEI Xiao;HE Lu(Tropical Eco-agricultural Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou 651300,China;Dry-hot Valley Botanic Garden,Yuanmou 651300,China;Yunnan Maoduoli Group Food Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi 659288,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,元谋651300 [2]云南元谋干热河谷植物园,元谋651300 [3]云南猫哆哩集团,玉溪659288

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第2期374-379,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505106-1);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(2019ZG00903)资助。

摘　　要：为了解不同类型酸角果肉中氨基酸组成及矿质元素含量特征及差异,选取云南干热河谷甜角和酸角果肉(干粉)为研究对象,采用全自动氨基酸分析仪和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定分析其中水解氨基酸和19种矿质元素含量.结果显示,甜角和酸角中氨基酸种类丰富,均含有16种氨基酸(胱氨酸未检出),酸角(2.23%)氨基酸总量高于甜角(1.75%),二者含量较高的均为天门冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)和脯氨酸(Pro);不同类型酸角中必需氨基酸占比表现为酸角(35.9%)高于甜角(34.0%);药用氨基酸含量丰富,占比表现为甜角(57.9%)高于酸角(55.9%);支链氨基酸占比为酸角(20.1%)高于甜角(17.2%);甲硫氨酸+胱氨酸(Met+Cys)是甜角和酸角中的第一限制性氨基酸,甜角(67.78)的氨基酸比值系数分(SRC)高于酸角(61.72);甜角和酸角中富含多种矿质元素,Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn含量较高,总体而言,除了K元素外,甜角中各元素含量普遍高于酸角,且重金属含量属于安全范围.本研究表明干热河谷不同类型酸角果肉的氨基酸组成及矿质元素含量特征存在一定差异,甜角和酸角具有较高营养、保健和医疗功效,结果可为酸角和甜角的推广及开发利用提供科学依据.(图1表5参40)This research explored the characteristics and differences in amino acid composition and mineral element content in different Tamarindus indica L.germplasm resources.The two main varieties of T.indica(sweet and sour types)in the Yunnan arid-hot valley were compared.The pulps were dried into powders as the test samples.The contents of hydrolyzed amino acids and 19 mineral elements were determined using an automatic amino acid analyzer and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer(ICP-OES).The results showed that 16 amino acids(cystine not detected)were found in all T.indica samples,and the total amino acid content of the sour type(2.23%)was much higher than that of the sweet type(1.75%).The contents of aspartic acid(Asp),glutamic acid(Glu),and proline(Pro)were much higher than those of other amino acid components in the different cultivars.The essential amino acids were found in T.indica,which accounted for 34.0%to 35.9%of the total amino acid content.The content of medicinal amino acids was rich,accounting for 55.9%to 57.9%total content,while the branched amino acids accounted for 17.2%to 20.1%total content.Methionine and cystine were the first limiting amino acids in T.indica.The score of the ratio coefficient of the sweet type was higher(67.78)than that of the sour type(61.72).The mineral element content was also higher in the sweet type compared to that of the sour type.The contents of Ca,Mg,Fe,and Zn were higher than those of the other elements,and the content of heavy metal elements was within the safe range.In conclusion,the amino acid composition and mineral element content of T.indica germplasm resources in the arid-hot valley differed.T.indica fruits exhibited higher nutritional,health,and medical effects.These results provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of T.indica.

关 键 词：酸角 氨基酸 矿质元素 营养评价 元谋干热河谷 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]