国际文凭数学课程改革的特点分析及其启示  

An Analysis of the Characteristics of the IBDP Math Curriculum Reform and Its Implications

作　　者：马峰[1] MA Feng(Shanghai High School,Shanghai 200231,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市上海中学,上海200231

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2021年第3期150-163,共14页Journal of Comparative Education

摘　　要：国际文凭数学课程经历了多轮大纲修订,自2019年起,它分为"数学分析与方法"和"数学应用与解释"两个方向进行设置,两个方向均开设较高水平和标准水平两种课程,第三卷的出题方式也发生了重大改革,这些改革出于时代特点的考量和新时代对于人才素质的要求。国际文凭数学课程的改革理念与我国的课程改革理念类似,但国际文凭数学课程改革的周期性更加有规律。国际文凭数学课程的结构和课程内容在最新改革中变化相当大,把更多的高等数学的内容包括耦合方程组、图论、马尔可夫链、假设检验等应用性内容融入课程中,统计思维、跨学科思维和算法思维得到前所未有的重视。同时,这些内容在很多场合需要图形计算器甚至电脑软件的使用,学生自然把数学学习与信息技术使用融合在一起。国际文凭数学课程中的评价方式仍然包含内部评价环节,名为"数学探索",它的评价标准变得更加科学,并仍然把内部评价的成绩以20%计入最后的总分,凸显了国际文凭组织对做课题的重视,目的是培养学生发现问题、解决问题、进行探究的科学精神。我国高中正在实施的数学"双新"(指新课程、新教材,下同)可以借鉴国际文凭课程的做法,研究探究式教学方法;研究开设新课标中的数学选修课,满足学生在数学学习上不同的发展需求;探索信息技术如何在"双新"实施中得到使用;研究过程性评价方式,改变只注重考试结果的单一评价方式,特别要借鉴国际文凭课程中的内部评价标准,研究制定"双新"课程要求的学生课题作业的科学评价方式,确保课题要求落地,助力学生核心数学素养的发展。The IB Math curriculum has gone through several rounds of syllabus changes.Since2019,it has reset the syllabus framework following two tracks:analysis and approaches,and applications and interpretation.Each is classified into two levels,namely higher level and standard level,which eventually make up four courses in total.The style of Paper 3 for higher levels has been fundamentally changed.These reforms stem from the new requirements for talents in the new era.The philosophy of IB reform is similar to that of our national curriculum reform.However,IB curriculum changes are more cyclical.The structure and contents of the IB math curriculum have undergone a rather significant change in its latest reform,in which more contents in college math are integrated into IB,including many applicable contents such as coupled differential equations,graph theory,Markov Chain and hypothesis test.Moreover,statistical thinking,transdisciplinary thinking,and algorithm thinking has been given an unprecedented attention.Meanwhile,the application of most of the above contents requires the use of a graphing calculator or computer software.As result,students usually integrate their math studies with the use of information technology.The IB math,in this reform,still contains internal assessment,in the name of"math exploration".The assessment rubric has been modified to be a better one and the score of the internal assessment still accounts for 20%of the final total IB grade,which implies that IB consistently attaches great importance to the internal assessment in order to cultivate students’ability to discover and solve problems and their scientific spirits of inquiry.The current"double new"(which means new curriculum,new textbooks)project in high schools across China could refer to the practice of the IB curriculum and carry out researches on following topics:the teaching methods focusing on inquiry;opening more optional classes according to the new curriculum so as to meet the differentiated needs of students;how to integrate the use

关 键 词：国际文凭 高中数学 课程标准 信息技术 评价改革 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]