不同采摘方式加工的海青绿茶生化与香气成分研究  

Comparison of Biochemical Components and Aroma Constituents between Different Picking Methods of Haiqing Green Tea

作　　者：梁凤美 刘冉霞 丁立孝[3] LIANG Feng-mei;LIU Ran-xia;DING Li-xiao(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Huangdao District,Qingdao,Shandong 266400;College of Food Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109;Rizhao Polytechnic,Rizhao,Shandong 276826)

机构地区：[1]青岛市黄岛区农业农村局,山东青岛266400 [2]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109 [3]日照职业技术学院,山东日照276826

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第13期198-202,205,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：选用不同采摘方式制作的海青绿茶为研究对象,分析其品质成分并采用GC-MS进行香气成分分析。结果表明:春季绿茶酚氨比为4.6,适合制作绿茶;夏季机采绿茶酚氨比为7.8,适宜制作红茶;春季绿茶、夏季人工绿茶和机采绿茶3种绿茶分别鉴定出57、36、46种化合物,香气组分存在差异,春季绿茶中醇、酯、酮类含量平衡;夏季人工绿茶与机采绿茶差别明显,夏季人工绿茶主要香气成分是2-甲基,1-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇丙酸酯、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇、正壬醛、磷酸三丁酯、正癸酸、二乙基-乙酸、2-甲基,3-羟基-2,4,4-三甲基丙酸戊酯、十七烷、1-十二烷醇、十六烷等,机采绿茶主要香气成分是3,7-二甲基-1,5,7-辛三烯-3-醇、7,9-二叔丁基-1-氧杂螺(4,5)癸-6,9-二烯-2,8-二酮、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇、2-甲基,1-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇丙酸酯、1,2-苯二甲酸,双(2-甲基丙基)酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、苯乙醇、正癸酸、磷酸三丁酯等。此外,茶叶是劳动密集型产业,人工采摘成本高,对于海青大宗夏季茶叶,可利用机械化采摘,来制作红茶,以改善夏茶产品品质与提高经济效益。Haiqing green tea made by different picking methods was selected as the research object,and its quality components were analyzed and GC-MS was used to analyze the aroma components.The results showed that the ratio of polyphenol to amino acid of spring green was 4.6,suitable for processing green tea.The ratio of polyphenol to amino acid of summer machine-picked was 7.8,suitable for processing black tea.There were 57,36,and 46 compounds identified in spring green tea,summer manual-picked green tea and machine-picked green tea,respectively.The aroma components were different,and the content of alcohol,ester and ketone in spring green tea was balanced.There were many differences in aroma constitutes between summer manual-picked and summer machine-picked.The main aroma components of summer manual-picked were propanoic acid,2-methyl-,1-(1,1-dime-thylethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-propanediyl ester,1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-,nonanal,tributyl phosphate,n-deca-noic acid,acetic acid,diethyl-,propanoic acid,2-methyl-,3-hydroxy-2,4,4-trimethylpentyl ester,heptadecane,and so on.The main aroma components of summer machine-picked were 1,5,7-octatrien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-,7,9-ditert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione,1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-,propanoic acid,2-methyl-,1-(1,1-dime-thylethyl)-2-methyl-1,3-propanediyl ester,1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,bis(2-methylpropyl)ester,isopropyl palmitate,phenylethyl alcohol,n-decanoic acid,tributyl phosphate,and so on.In addition,tea is a labor-intensive industry,and the cost of manual picking is high.For Haiqing’s bulk summer tea,mechanized picking can be used to make black tea to improve the quality of summer tea products and increase economic benefits.

关 键 词：海青绿茶 不同采摘方式 生化成分 香气成分 GC-MS分析 

分 类 号：TS272[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]