激光辅助促释技术快速分析鲨鱼肝油精制过程的挥发性成分  

Rapid Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Shark Liver Oil during Refining Process by Laser-assisted Release Technology

作　　者：宋恭帅 戴志远 沈清 朱蓓薇[3] Song Gongshuai;Dai Zhiyuan;Shen Qing;Zhu Beiwei(Institute of Seafood,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310012;State Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310012;School of Food Science and Technology,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,Liaoning)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学海洋食品研究院,杭州310012 [2]浙江省水产品加工技术研究联合重点实验室,杭州310012 [3]大连工业大学食品学院,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2021年第6期243-250,共8页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0311204)。

摘　　要：鲨鱼肝油是一种重要的功能性油脂,富含角鲨烯、鲨肝醇等功能因子,具有良好的生理活性功能。为研究鲨鱼肝油精制过程中挥发性成分的变化,采用新型的激光辅助顶空固相微萃取-气质谱联用技术(LID HS-SPME-GC/MS)快速分析粗制鲨鱼肝油在脱胶、脱酸、脱色及脱臭过程中挥发性物质的组成差异。结果表明:精制工艺显著降低了粗制鲨鱼肝油中的不良风味物质含量(P<0.05)。其中,以壬醛的含量变化最为显著。经脱胶、脱酸、脱色及脱臭处理后,壬醛含量较粗制鲨鱼肝油分别减少20.46%,37.24%,61.84%和95.66%。利用主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)确定6种重要特征风味物质,即2-十一酮、1-戊烯-3-醇、壬醛、2-壬酮、己醛、辛醛。本研究可为精制工艺有效改善粗制油脂中挥发性物质组成提供理论依据。Shark liver oil is an important functional oil,which is rich in functional factors such as squalene and shark liver alcohol,and has good physiological activity.The aim of this study was to study the changes of volatile components in the refining process of shark liver oil.A new laser-assisted headspace solid phase microextraction combined with mass spectrometry(LID HS-SPME-GC/MS)technique was used to rapidly analyze the volatile components of crude shark liver oil during degumming,acidification,decolorization and deodorization.The results showed that the content of undesirable volatile compounds reduced significantly during refining process(P<0.05).Among them,the change of nonanal content was the most significant.Compared with crude shark liver oil,the content of nonanal was reduced by 20.46%,37.24%,61.84%,and 95.66%respectively after degumming,acidification,decolorization and deodorization.Six important characteristic flavor substances,namely 2-undecone,1-penten-3-ol,furfural,2-nonanone,hexanal,octanal were determined by principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least-square discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).This study can provide a theoretical basis for refining process to effectively improve the composition of volatile substances in crude oil.

关 键 词：鲨鱼肝油 激光辅助 固相微萃取 精制工艺 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：TS225.24[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]