烟台谷类食品脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物污染状况及暴露评估  

Contamination status and dietary exposure assessment of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in cereal samples of Yantai city

作　　者：董峰光[1] 刘伟德 冯雪英[1] 王朝霞[1] 宫春波[1] 董桂贤[1] 郑重 陈友霞 DONG Feng-guang;LIU Wei-de;FENG Xue-ying;WANG Zhao-xia;GONG Chun-bo;DONG Gui-xian;ZHENG Zhong;CHEN You-xia(Department of Food Nutrition,Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yantai,Shandong 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台市疾病预防控制中心食品营养科,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第13期2358-2361,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2019年山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2019WS260);2017年烟台市科学技术发展计划项目(2017WS118)。

摘　　要：目的了解烟台谷类食品脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物污染状况及居民膳食来源暴露水平。方法2011年至2020年在烟台市13个县市区的种植环节、收购环节和销售环节按照随机抽样的原则采集谷类食品共375份。高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定样品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物,点评估方法估算人群脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物暴露量。结果谷类食品中DON检出率为62.13%(233/375),均值为83.04μg/kg;3-DON均未检出;15-DON检出率为3.47%(13/375),均值为3.70μg/kg。谷类食品存在DON和15-DON的双重污染。DON在小麦及其制品中检出率高于玉米及其制品,X^(2)=53.73,P<0.05,具有统计学意义;15-DON在玉米及其制品中检出率高于小麦及其制品,X^(2)=22.71,P<0.05,具有统计学意义。不同采样环节污染状况无明显差异。烟台市居民谷类食品中DON及其衍生物每日膳食暴露量为0.2492μg/(kg·bw·d)。小麦及其制品造成的膳食暴露量分别占DON和15-DON暴露量的97.47%和91.67%。结论DON总体检出率和均值均高于3-DON和15-DON,是主要的污染品种。小麦及其制品是主要的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物来源食品类型。小麦及其制品和玉米及其制品的HQ分别为24.24%和0.68%,均小于1,证明风险处于可接受水平。Objective To investigate the contamination of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in cereal samples of Yantai city, and to assess the dietary exposure and health risk of intakingdeoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives ofYantai residents. Methods A total of 375 samples of cereals were collected in 13 counties and districts of Yantai according to the principle of random sampling in the process of planting, purchasing and selling, from 2011 to 2020.Deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in the samples were determined by the high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives dietary exposure were calculated by point assessment method. Results The detection rate of DON in cereal samples was 62.13%(233/375), and the mean value was 83.04 μg/kg.3-DON was all undetected. The total detection rates of 15-DON was 3.47%(13/375)and the mean value was 3.70 μg/kg.There was multiple contamination in cereal samples. DON contamination in wheat and its products was more serious than that in corn and its products, χ^(2)=53.73 and P<0.05, which meant statistical difference. On the other hand, The detection rates of 15-DON in wheat and its products was lighter than that in corn and its products, χ^(2)=22.71 and P<0.05, which meant statistical difference. There was no significant difference in pollution status between different sampling stages.The daily dietary exposure level of DON and its derivatives in cereal was 0.2492 μg/(kg·bw·d).The dietary exposure of wheat and its products accounted for 97.47% and 91.67% of DON and 15-DON, respectively. Conclusion The overall detection rate and mean value of DON are higher than those of 3-DON and 15-DON, and DON is the main contaminant.Wheat and its products are the main source food type of deoxynivalenol and its derivatives.The HQ of wheat and its products and corn and its products are 24.24% and 0.68%, respectively, both less than 1, indicating an acceptable level of risk.

关 键 词：烟台 谷类 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及其衍生物 污染状况 暴露评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]