基于多酚类和嘌呤类代谢表型的沿河古茶树红茶适制性评估  

Suitability Assessment of Ancient Tea Tree Black Tea in Yanhe Based on Metabolic Phenotypes of Polyphenols and Purines

作　　者：方仕茂 戴宇樵 杨婷 田小强 田洪军 刘忠英 潘科 FANG Shimao;DAI Yuqiao;YANG Ting;TIAN Xiaoqiang;TIAN Hongjun;LIU Zhongying;PAN Ke(Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County Ecological Tea Development and Technical Guidance Center,Yanhe 565300,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]沿河土家族自治县生态茶发展和技术指导中心,贵州沿河565300

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2021年第3期456-461,共6页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合服企[2019]4006);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y007);贵州省农业科学院基金项目(黔农科院青年科技基金[2021]29)。

摘　　要：本试验基于化学成分结合化学计量学分析贵州省沿河县古茶树不同树型、产地和季节的茶样内含成分差异。结果表明,乔木型茶鲜叶咖啡碱、可可碱、儿茶素和没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯显著高于灌木型,表没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯和表没食子儿茶素显著低于灌木型;基于19化合物×69样品的数据矩阵提取累计解释方差大于82%的前3个主成分,基本实现对沿河县4个乡镇的茶样区分;季节和加工因素对古树红茶中咖啡碱含量影响不显著,春茶中非酯型儿茶素、酯型儿茶素、儿茶素总量及茶黄素总量均高于对照和秋季茶样,秋茶酯型儿茶素(16.72 mg/g)显著低于古树春茶(44.20 mg/g)。本研究可为沿河古茶树资源利用提供理论依据。Based on chemical composition combined with chemometrics,this experiment analyzed the differences in the contents of tea samples of ancient tea trees from different tree types,producing areas and seasons in Yanhe County,Guizhou Province.The results showed that caffeine,theobromine,catechin and gallocatechin gallate in tea fresh leaves of arbor type were significantly higher than those of shrub type,and epigallocatechin,epicatechin,epigallocatechin gallate and epigallocatechin were significantly lower than those of shrub type;the first three principal components with cumulative explained variance greater than 82%were extracted based on the data matrix of 19 compounds×69 samples,which basically realized the differentiation of tea samples in 4 towns of Yanhe County.The seasonal and processing factors had no significant effect on the caffeine content in ancient tree black tea,and the contents of non-ester catechins,ester catechins,,total catechins,,and total theaflavins in spring tea were higher than those in control and autumn tea samples,and the ester catechins in autumn tea(16.72 mg/g)was significantly lower than that in ancient tree spring tea(44.20 mg/g).This study provides some theoretical basis for the feasibility of ancient tea tree resources utilization of Yanhe County.

关 键 词：古茶树 树型 多酚类 咖啡碱 适制性 红茶 沿河县 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]