水酶法提取米糠油的试验研究  

Research on the Enzyme Assisted Extraction of Rice Bran Oil

作　　者：张敏[1] 许朵霞[1] 王振华[1] 郝佳 杨焕月 ZHANG Min;XU Duo-xia;WANG Zhen-hua;HAO Jia;YANG Huan-yue(Beijing Technology&Business University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health,Beijing Technology&Business University Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives,College of Food and Health,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学北京食品营养与人类健康高精尖创新中心,北京工商大学北京市食品添加剂工程技术研究中心,北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京100048

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2021年第5期1-10,共10页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0401100)。

摘　　要：水酶法提取油脂工艺的技术关键是酶解及乳状液破乳。研究水酶法提取米糠油工艺,结果表明,膨化米糠粉碎过40目筛,按1∶7.5(w/v)料液比加入超纯水,pH值9.0、57℃添加2%的碱性蛋白酶(Alcalase 2.4 L)酶解150 min,离心后调节乳状液pH值至7.0,60℃下搅拌60 min破乳,此工艺可获得84.1%以上米糠提油率;水酶法提取米糠毛油的品质特别是生物活性物质的含量,明显优于传统溶剂法提取米糠毛油;糖酶无法提高挤压米糠的提油率,碱性条件更利于米糠油脂提取;碱性条件及CaCl2处理,无助于水酶法提取米糠油乳状液的破乳;20%~30%乙醇处理,可提高乳状液的破乳率。研究创制的水酶法提取米糠油工艺,可促进水酶法制油工艺在植物油脂行业的推广与应用,实现米糠高值化利用。The key technology in enzymatic extraction of oil in the aqueous system is the enzymatic hydrolysis and demulsification performance.The process of extracting rice bran oil by enzymatic method under aqueous system is studied in this research.The results show that more than 84.10%rice bran oil extraction yield could be obtained under the following procedure and conditions.The extruded rice bran is screened through a 40-mesh sieve and mixed with ultrapure water at a ratio of 1∶7.5(w/v),after which 2%(w/w)Alcalase 2.4 L is added to the mixture and the system is continuously incubated for 150 minutes at 57℃ and pH 9.0.After centrifugation,the pH of the emulsion to 7.0 reacting is adjusted further at 60℃ for 60 minutes to obtain the oil by breaking the emulsion.The quality of rice bran oil extracted,especially the content of bioactive substances,is obviously better than that extracted by the traditional solvent method.In addition,carbohydrase could not improve the oil extraction yield,while alkaline conditions are more favorable for rice bran oil extraction.Alkaline conditions and CaCl_(2) treatment are not conducive to demulsification,while 20%~30% ethanol treatment could improve the demulsification rate of the emulsion.The technology can promote the applications of aqueous enzymatic method in the vegetable oil manufacture industry,as well as the utilization of rice bran.

关 键 词：米糠油 水酶法提取油脂 酶解工艺 破乳技术 油脂品质 

分 类 号：TS224.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]