呕吐毒素降解微生物的筛选及应用  

Screening and Application of One Deoxynivalenol in Grain Degradation Strain

作　　者：窦勇[1] 胡佩红[2] 姚妙爱[1] 闾怀中[1] 周玉东[1] DOU Yong;HU Peihong;YAO Miaoai;LYU Huaizhong;ZHOU Yudong(Department of Grain and Food&Drug,Jiangsu Vocational College of Finance&Economics,Huai'an 223003;Huai’an Zhengchang feed Co.,Ltd.,Huai'an 223003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏财经职业技术学院粮食与食品药品学院,江苏淮安223003 [2]淮安正昌饲料有限公司,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2021年第4期47-52,95,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省苏北科技专项(SZ-HA2019011);江苏省政策引导类计划项目(BZ2019034)。

摘　　要：为分离筛选可高效降解呕吐毒素(Deoxynivalenol,DON)的细菌,以期在粮食DON生物降解中应用。采用DON为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基作为富集驯化培养基,从鸡肠、鱼肠及土壤样品中富集培养可降解DON的混合菌,并逐一对分离单菌进行DON降解能力检测,获得降解效果最佳菌株。结果表明:JC-5菌株在无机盐培养基中DON降解效果显著高于其他菌株,12 h、24 h、36 h内的降解率依次为56.56%、91.12%、96.97%;将JC-5添加到DON污染的面粉中,其在12 h、24 h、36 h内对DON的降解率依次为50.32%、84.84%和90.66%。经形态学、生理生化特征、分子生物学鉴定,该菌株为江都丛毛单胞菌(Comamonas jiangduensis)。与现有DON降解菌相比,该菌株具有降解效率高、降解效果好,可有效降解面粉中DON的优点。可为进一步开发粮食中霉菌毒素的高效降解途径研究奠定基础。The study aimed to investigate the ability of some bacteria strains to degrade the deoxynivalenol(DON) in order to facilitate the application of such strain in the biodegradation process of DON in grain. The screening approach to identify the best performing strain was done using DON as the only source of carbon added to inorganic salt medium for enrichment and domestication. The bacterial mixed strains were natural flora isolated and enriched from chicken and fish intestines, as well as from soil samples. The best performing bacterial strain was determined by measuring the DON degradation ability of individual isolates. The results showed that DON degradability by the strain JC-5 was significantly higher than that of other strains in inorganic salt medium. The degradation rates were56.56 %, 91.12 % and 96.97 % in 12 h, 24 h and 36 h, respectively. Furthermore, when the JC-5 strain was added to the grain contaminated with DON, the toxin in the grain can also be degraded obviously. The degradation rates were 50.32 %, 84.84% and 90.66% in 12 h, 24 h and 36 h, respectively. Based on phenotypic, physiological and biochemical properties and genotypic determination, the bacterium was identified as Comamonas jiangduensis. Compared with the existing DON degradation bacteria, this bacterium demonstrated significantly high degradation efficiency, particularly when applied in grain. Therefore, it lays a foundation for further development of efficient degradation pathway of mycotoxin in grain.

关 键 词：降解 呕吐毒素 丛毛单胞菌 筛选 鉴定 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]