湘西“蒿菜粑粑”原料植物鼠麴草营养评价及抗氧化活性分析  

Nutritional evaluation and antioxidant activity analysis of Gnaphalium affine,the raw material of“Haocaibaba”from Xiangxi region

作　　者：陈加蓓 李贵[1,3] 陈璇[1] 王璐[1,2] 陈功锡[1] CHEN Jiabei;LI Gui;CHEN Xuan;WANG Lu;CHEN Gongxi(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China;College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China;College of Life Science,Centrol South University,Changsha 410078,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学药学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [3]中南大学生命科学学院,湖南长沙410078

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2021年第18期165-174,共10页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：“湖南中药与天然药物”产学研合作示范基地资助项目(2018JK03)。

摘　　要：采用常规理化方法对鼠麴草营养成分进行全面营养评估以及对其部分功能成分进行分析,利用营养评价及体外抗氧化实验评价其营养价值和抗氧化能力。结果表明,鼠麴草能量为981.00 kJ/100g,其蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、水分、灰分、粗纤维、总膳食纤维含量依次为12.21、1.31、24.20、9.67、12.88、27.53、46.80 g/100g;氨基酸含量丰富,有18种氨基酸,包括人体所需的8种必需氨基酸(占氨基酸总含量的35.23%)和2种儿童必需氨基酸,鲜味特征明显(呈鲜味氨基酸含量>呈甘味氨基酸含量),氨基酸组成平衡性合理(氨基酸比值系数分=80.90)且富含谷氨酸(1.35 g/100g)和天冬氨酸(1.38 g/100g);富含矿物质成分,主要有25种矿物质元素,K含量(38508.15 mg/kg)最高,微量元素中Fe、Mn和Zn的含量高于其他微量元素;含有维生素A、维生素C、维生素E和维生素B_(2)4种维生素,其中维生素A、维生素E和维生素B_(2)含量分别为0.36、2.31、0.35 mg/100g。鼠麴草中的粗多糖、总多酚、总黄酮的含量分别为1.67、4.20、8.13 g/100g。体外抗氧化试验表明,鼠麴草提取物具有良好的抗氧化活性,清除DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基效果及还原能力与质量浓度呈正相关,其醇提物和水提物清除DPPH自由基的半抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为56.53、50.65 mg/L,清除ABTS阳离子自由基的半抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为137.79、113.61 mg/L,将胡萝卜素相对吸光度降至50%的时间分别延长至110.00、99.00 min,在对DPPH自由基和ABTS阳离子自由基清除能力、抑制脂质过氧化方面水提物优于醇提物,而在还原能力、延缓胡萝卜素褪色方面水提物逊于醇提物。鼠麴草营养成分丰富,其提取物具有良好的抗氧化活性,具备作为优质食药资源的潜能,值得进一步推广和大力开发。In order to study the nutritional value of Gnaphalium affine,the conventional physical and chemical methods were used to conduct a comprehensive nutritional evaluation of its nutritional components and systematic analysis of its main functional components.And nutritional evaluation methods and in vitro antioxidant experiments were used to evaluate its nutritional value and antioxidant capacity.The results showed that the energy of Gnaphalium affine was 981.00 kJ/100g,and its protein,fat,carbohydrate,moisture,ash,crude fiber and total dietary fiber content were 12.21,1.31,24.20,9.67,12.88,27.53,46.80 g/100g respectively.And it also rich in amino acids,contains 18 kinds of amino acids,including 8 essential amino acids required by the human body(35.23%of total amino acid content)and 2 kinds of children′s essential amino acids,the umami taste was obvious(the content of umami amino acid>the content of sweet amino acid),amino acid composition balance principle(SRC=80.90)and rich in Asp and Glu(1.35,1.38 g/100g).Moreover,25 kinds of mineral elements with the highest content of K was 38508.15 mg/kg,and followed by Ca,Mg,Al,Fe,Mn,Zn,etc.Besides,there were 4 vitamins of vitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin E and vitamin B_(2) could be detected,among which vitamin A,vitamin E and vitamin B_(2) content were 0.36,2.31,0.35 mg/100g respectively.And,the contents of crude polysaccharides,total polyphenols and total flavonoids in Gnaphalium affine were 1.67,4.26,8.13 g/100g,respectively.The in vitro antioxidant test showed that the extract of Gnaphalium affine has good antioxidant activity.In addition,the effect of removing DPPH·,ABTS+·and reducing ability was positively correlated with the mass concentration.The alcohol extract and water extract remove DPPH·the semi-inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))of ABTS+·were respectively 56.53 and 50.65 mg/L,and the semi-inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))of removing ABTS+·were respectively 137.79 and 113.61 mg/L,which reduced the relative absorbance of carotene to 50%the time was extended to 11

关 键 词：湘西 “蒿菜粑粑” 原料植物 鼠麴草 营养成分 体外抗氧化 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]