中小学新教师的教学效能感及其影响因素探析  

A Probe into the Teaching Efficacy Sense of the Novice Teachers in Primary and Secondary Schools and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：曹杰 钟亚妮[2] CAO Jie;ZHONG Ya-ni(Faculty of Educational Management and Psychology,Beijing Institute of Education,Beijing 100011,China;The Research Center for Human Resources in Education,Beijing Institute of Education,Beijing 100120,China)

机构地区：[1]北京教育学院教育管理与心理学院,北京100011 [2]北京教育学院教育人才研究中心,北京100120

出　　处：《教师发展研究》2021年第3期118-124,共7页Teacher Development Research

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划课题“北京市中小幼新教师入职培养研究”(BFEA19037)。

摘　　要：以447名入职一年的北京市中小学教师为样本考察新教师的教学效能感现状、差异及其影响因素。结果显示:新教师在班级管理和学生参与方面的效能感相对较低;不同学历新教师之间的教学效能感差异显著;学历与专业背景(师范专业或非师范专业)对新教师的教学效能感有显著交互作用;人际关系和专业发展机会是对新教师教学效能感影响力最大的环境因素;新教师入职培训有效性对新教师的教学效能感有显著正向影响,且影响力不可忽视;不同环境因素对师范专业新教师与非师范专业新教师的影响程度有所不同。为此教育管理部门和学校应为新教师提供学生学习与管理方面的专业学习支持;构建教师专业学习共同体,营造和谐的人际关系,为新教师提供专业发展机会;合理安排教学计划,让新教师有足够的时间和精力用于备课和教学研究;加大对新教师入职培训力度,提高新教师培训有效性。A sample of 447 teachers who have been employed for one year in primary and secondary schools in Beijing is used to investigate the current situation,differences and influencing factors of the novice teachers’teaching efficacy sense.The results show that the novice teachers’teaching efficacy sense in class management and student participation is relatively low;that there are significant differences in the teaching efficacy sense among novice teachers with different educational backgrounds;that educational background and professional background(normal major or non-normal major)have a significant interaction on the novice teachers’teaching efficacy sense;that the interpersonal relationship and professional development opportunity are the most influential environmental factors on the novice teachers’teaching efficacy sense;that the effectiveness of the novice teacher induction training has a significantly positive influence on the novice teachers’teaching efficacy sense and the influence cannot be ignored;and that different environmental factors have different influences on novice teachers in normal major and novice teachers in non-normal major.To this end,the administrative departments and schools should provide novice teachers with the professional learning support for student learning and management,construct the teachers’professional learning community,create harmonious interpersonal relationships and provide novice teachers with professional development opportunities,rationally arrange teaching plan to let novice teachers have enough time and energy for lesson preparation and teaching research,and make greater efforts in the novice teacher induction training to improve its effectiveness.

关 键 词：中小学新教师 教学效能感 教师培训 教师专业发展 

分 类 号：G451.2[文化科学—教育学]