Effects of living and metabolically inactive mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives on monocytes and macrophages  

作　　者：Alexia Nedel Sant'Ana Anelise Bergmann Araújo Fabiany da Costa Gonçalves Ana Helena Paz 

机构地区：[1]Laboratório de Células Tecidos e Genes,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre,Porto Alegre 90035-903,RS,Brazil [2]Centro de Processamento Celular,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre,Porto Alegre 90035-903,RS,Brazil [3]Department of Internal Medicine,Erasmus Medical Center,Rotterdam 3015 GD,Netherlands [4]Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas,Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,Porto Alegre 90035-903,RS,Brazil

出　　处：《World Journal of Stem Cells》2021年第9期1160-1176,共17页世界干细胞杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：Fundo de IncentivoàPesquisa e Eventos(Fipe)-Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre,No.GPPG 2017-0004.

摘　　要：Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing stem cellsthat have great potential as cell therapy for autoimmune and inflammatorydisorders, as well as for other clinical conditions, due to their immunoregulatoryand regenerative properties. MSCs modulate the inflammatory milieu by releasingsoluble factors and acting through cell-to-cell mechanisms. MSCs switch theclassical inflammatory status of monocytes and macrophages towards a nonclassicaland anti-inflammatory phenotype. This is characterized by an increasedsecretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, a decreased release of pro-inflammatorycytokines, and changes in the expression of cell membrane molecules and inmetabolic pathways. The MSC modulation of monocyte and macrophage phenotypesseems to be critical for therapy effectiveness in several disease models, sincewhen these cells are depleted, no immunoregulatory effects are observed. Here,we review the effects of living MSCs (metabolically active cells) and metabolicallyinactive MSCs (dead cells that lost metabolic activity by induced inactivation) andtheir derivatives (extracellular vesicles, soluble factors, extracts, and microparticles)on the profile of macrophages and monocytes and the implications forimmunoregulatory and reparative processes. This review includes mechanisms ofaction exhibited in these different therapeutic appro-aches, which induce the antiinflammatoryproperties of monocytes and macrophages. Finally, we overviewseveral possibilities of therapeutic applications of these cells and their derivatives,with results regarding monocytes and macrophages in animal model studies andsome clinical trials.

关 键 词：Mesenchymal stromal cells MACROPHAGE MONOCYTE IMMUNOMODULATION Cell therapy IMMUNOREGULATION 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]