低剂量暴露下呋喃唑酮在大菱鲆体内的迁移规律及预测  

Migration and Prediction of Furazolidone Residue in Turbot(Scophthalmus Maximus) Exposed to Low-Dose Furazolidone

作　　者：邢丽红[1,2,3] 孙伟红 李沂光[1,2,3] 彭吉星 李兆新[1,2,3] 翟毓秀 XING Lihong;SUN Weihong;LI Yiguang;PENG Jixing;LI Zhaoxin;ZHAI Yuxiu(Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部水产品质量安全检测与评价重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]大连工业大学海洋食品精深加工关键技术省部共建协同创新中心,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《食品科学》2021年第20期238-245,共8页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41806148);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(20603022018016;20603022019001);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2020TD71)。

摘　　要：为评价养殖环境中低剂量呋喃唑酮在大菱鲆体内残留的风险,科学预测水产品中药物残留来源,以大菱鲆为研究对象,在饲料中分别以0.5、1.5 mg/kg和5.0 mg/kg三个添加量的呋喃唑酮,在(16±2)℃连续投喂30 d,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大菱鲆体内呋喃唑酮代谢物3-氨基-2-噁唑烷基酮(3-amino-2-oxazolidinone,AOZ)残留量,确定饲料添加量与AOZ残留量关系、稳态富集时间、组织分布特征和生物富集系数(bioaccumulation factor,BCF),并构建判别模型预测饲料中呋喃唑酮含量。结果表明,在低剂量暴露条件下连续投喂含呋喃唑酮的饲料30 d,大菱鲆各组织中AOZ残留量与添加量呈正相关;在3个添加量下,AOZ在肌肉和皮中达到稳态富集的时间分别为15、15 d和25 d;AOZ在大菱鲆各组织中的分布呈相似规律,其残留量由大到小依次为肝脏>肾脏>脾>鳃>皮>肌肉;低添加水平条件下呋喃唑酮在大菱鲆体内的BCF大于高添加水平;当饲料中呋喃唑酮含量分别≥0.68 mg/kg和≥0.46 mg/kg时,在该养殖条件下连续投喂30 d,大菱鲆肌肉和皮组织中AOZ残留量≥1.0μg/kg。大菱鲆中呋喃唑酮痕量残留可能与养殖环境污染相关,通过模型预测和科学监控,可以减少养殖过程的带入风险,有效保障水产品的食用安全。In order to evaluate the risk of furazolidone residue in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) under low-dose exposure to furazolidone in the aquaculture environment and to predict the distribution of furazolidone residue in aquatic products scientifically, the fish were fed on a diet supplemented with furazolidone at concentrations of 0.5, 1.5 and 5.0 mg/kg for 30 days at(16 ± 2) ℃ in this study. During this period, the residue of the furazolidone metabolite, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone(AOZ) in turbot was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). The relationship between the concentration of furazolidone added to the feed and AOZ residue, steady-state enrichment time, tissue distribution characteristics and bioaccumulation factor(BCF) were determined, and a discriminant model was established to predict the concentration of furazolidone in the feed. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between AOZ residue in turbot and furazolidone concentration in the feed. At 0.5, 1.5 and 5.0 mg/kg furazolidone concentrations, the time required for AOZ to reach steady-state enrichment in muscle and skin was 15, 15 and 25 days, respectively. The distribution of AOZ in different tissues was similar, and the level of AOZ residue followed the decreasing order: liver > kidney > spleen >gill > skin > muscle. The BCF of furazolidone in turbot when added at low concentration to the feed was higher than at high concentration. When the concentration of furazolidone in the feed was greater than or equal to 0.68 mg/kg, the AOZ residue in the muscle of turbot was greater than or equal to 1.0 μg/kg after continuous feeding for 30 days. When the concentration of furazolidone in the feed was greater than or equal to 0.46 mg/kg, the same result was observed for the skin. The trace residue of furazolidone in turbot may be related to the polluted farming environment. Through model prediction and scientific monitoring, the risk of pollution caused by the farming process can be reduced to guarantee the safet

关 键 词：呋喃唑酮 3-氨基-2-噁唑烷基酮 大菱鲆 饲料 迁移规律 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]