改性豆渣膳食纤维的理化性质、结构及其益生活性研究  

Physicochemical properties,structure and prebiotic activity of modified okara dietary fiber

作　　者：尹立晨 童群义[1] YIN Lichen;TONG Qunyi(School of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2022年第3期141-148,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

摘　　要：以豆渣膳食纤维为对象,分别采用高速剪切、复合酶解、高速剪切协同酶解改性豆渣膳食纤维,分析其理化性质、结构以及益生活性的变化。结果表明,3种改性方法均能显著改善豆渣膳食纤维的持水性、膨胀力和持油力(P<0.05)。改性后的豆渣膳食纤维可溶性组分增多,粒径减小,微观结构变得疏松多孔;傅里叶变换红外光谱分析结果表明,改性后的豆渣膳食纤维特征吸收峰的分布未发生明显变化,部分峰强度减弱;X射线衍射结果表明,改性处理并未改变豆渣膳食纤维晶体构型。体外发酵实验表明,改性豆渣膳食纤维对嗜酸乳杆菌和乳双歧杆菌均有一定的促进增殖作用,其中对嗜酸乳杆菌的增殖作用更显著;3种改性方式中,高速剪切协同酶解改性制备的豆渣膳食纤维的益生活性最高,主要体现在提高益生菌活菌数和降低培养基pH。因此,高速剪切协同酶解可作为一种改性豆渣膳食纤维的优良方法,提升膳食纤维的理化性质和益生活性,为其在功能食品中应用提供参考。High-speed shearing,complex enzymatic hydrolysis and high-speed shearing combined with enzymatic hydrolysis were applied to modify okara dietary fiber,and the changes of their physicochemical properties,structure and prebiotic activity were studied.The results showed that the three modification methods could significantly improve the water holding capacity,swelling capacity and oil holding capacity of okara dietary fiber(P<0.05).The modified okara dietary fiber had more soluble components,smaller particle size and looser microstructure.FT-IR results showed that there was no obvious change in the distribution of characteristic absorption peaks of the modified okara dietary fiber,but the intensity of some peaks was weakened.XRD results showed that the modification treatment did not change the crystal configuration of okara dietary fiber.In vitro fermentation experiments showed that the modified okara dietary fiber had a proliferation effect on Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis,and the effect on Lactobacillus acidophilus was more significant.Among the three modification methods,the okara dietary fiber prepared by high-speed shearing combined with enzymatic hydrolysis exhibited the highest prebiotic activities,which was mainly reflected in increasing the number of viable probiotic bacteria and lowering the pH of the medium.Therefore,high-speed shearing combined with enzymatic hydrolysis could be used as an excellent method for the modification of okara dietary fiber,which provided a reference for improving the physicochemical properties and prebiotic activity of dietary fiber and further applications in functional foods.

关 键 词：豆渣膳食纤维 高速剪切 复合酶解 理化性质 益生活性 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]