2019年河南省食源性疾病事件监测分析  

Analysis on surveillance of foodborne disease outbreaks in Henan Province in 2019

作　　者：袁蒲[1] 韩涵 叶冰[1] 张书芳[1] 付鹏钰[1] 李杉[1] 杨丽[1] YUAN Pu;HAN Han;YE Bing;ZHANG Shu-fang;FU Peng-yu;LI Shan;YANG Li(Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,郑州450016

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第2期152-155,160,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：河南省科技发展计划项目(项目编号:182102310217);河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(项目编号:2018020518)。

摘　　要：目的通过对2019年河南省食源性疾病事件资料特征进行汇总和分析,掌握河南食源性疾病聚集性事件的发生情况和危险因素,为制定有针对性的食品安全事故的防控和预警措施提供科学依据。方法对2019年通过食源性疾病暴发监测系统上报的食源性疾病聚集性事件的地区、时间、人群以及引发事件的原因环节,应用Excel 2010软件对数据进行统计,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析,率之间的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2019年河南省共报告食源性疾病聚集性事件86起,总暴露人数为8 984人,共出现病例957人,罹患率为10.65%;其中住院病例492人,无病例死亡。2019年共有14个地市上报食源性疾病暴发事件,有4个地区无事件报告。其中第二、三季度报告的事件数较多,占总事件数的87.21%。上报事件的发病人群中,7~19岁的青少年占比最多,占总发病人数的45.14%。事件发生原因不明的有41起,占总事件数的47.68%;在原因明确的事件数中,引发事件原因为加工不当的最多,占总事件数的17.44%。结论青少年是目前河南省食源性疾病聚集性事件的重点关注人群,应有针对性加强宣传教育,同时加强对食源性疾病事件高发季节、高发因素的食品安全监管。食源性疾病聚集性事件的防控能力还有待继续加强。Objective The study aimed to analyze the risk factors and epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Henan Province in 2019, and provide basis for scientific prevention and control measures. Methods For the data of time, place, population, and reason of foodborne disease outbreaks in Henan Province in 2019 reported on the surveillance system, Excel2010 was employed in statistical analyses, and descriptive epidemiological analysis was also conducted. Chi-square test was applied to compare the rate,and P<0.05 was considered statistically signifcant. Results A total of 86 outbreaks of foodborne diseases were reported in Henan Province in 2019, including 957 cases. In 2019, a total of 14 cities reported outbreaks of foodborne diseases, with four regions reported no outbreaks. Among them, the number of incidents reported in the second and third quarters is more, accounting for 87.21% of the total number of incidents.Teenagers aged between 7 and 19 accounted for the largest proportion of cases reported,accounting for 45.14% of the total cases. There were 41 incidents with unknown causes, accounting for47.68% of the total number of incidents. Among the number of incidents with clear causes,improper processing caused the most, accounting for 17.44% of the total number of incidents.Conclusions Teenagers are the focus group of foodborne disease outbreaks in Henan Province,so it is necessary to strengthen targeted publicity and education, and strengthen food safety supervision on the season and factors of high incidence of foodborne disease outbreaks. The prevention and control of foodborne disease needs to be further strengthened.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 食源性疾病暴发 监测 食品安全 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]