香料与古代瘟疫防治--兼论道医和佛医的治疫贡献  

Spices and Ancient Plague Prevention:Concurrently on the Contribution of Taoism Medicine and Buddhism Medicine to the Treatment of Epidemic Diseases

作　　者：严小青 刘艳 YAN Xiao-qing;LIU Yan(School of Marxism, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2022年第5期76-80,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2020年国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(20FZSB041)。

摘　　要：中国先民对瘟疫的认识复杂而多元,对瘟疫发生的机制并不清晰,且有很多朴素的猜测。在长期实践中,先民们逐渐了解很多香料具有除菌避秽、香化环境的功效。在公共卫生防疫体系不发达的古代,不少医家推崇香料。各色香料成为防治瘟疫的主要物品,作用独特。香料融入中医中药,被称为香药,发展出了具有治未病功能的中医“香疗法”,丰富了中医理论。历史时期道医与佛医为防治瘟疫做出过很多努力,他们热衷于参与瘟疫治理,积极和民众举办驱逐瘟疫的仪式。宗教瘟疫防治是中国古代公共卫生体系的重要组成部分,在人类文明史上不可忽视。Chinese ancestors had complex and diverse understandings of plagues.The mechanism of plagues was not clear to them,and there were many simple guesses.In the long-term practice,the ancestors gradually understood that many spices have the effects of sterilizing,eliminating the filthy,and aromatizing the environment.In ancient times when the public health and epidemic prevention system were underdeveloped,many doctors respected spices.Various spices with unique functions became the main ingredients for the prevention and control of plagues.Spices were integrated into Traditional Chinese Medicine,known as fragrant medicine,and developed"fragrance therapy"to prevent disease,which enriched the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Throughout history,Taoism and Buddhism doctors made a lot of efforts to prevent and control plagues.They were keen to participate in the treatment of plagues,and actively held ceremonies to expel plagues.Religious plague prevention and control was an important part of the public health system in ancient China,which cannot be ignored in the history of human civilization.

关 键 词：瘟疫 香料 道医 佛医 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]