海参硫酸多糖化学组成与结构的研究进展  

Advances in Chemical Composition and Structure of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Sea Cucumber

作　　者：安子哲 张朝辉[1] 刘梦阳 卢海燕 邵影 罗娟梅 范斌 王莉 赵雪[1] AN Zizhe;ZHANG Zhaohui;LIU Mengyang;LU Haiyan;SHAO Ying;LUO Juanmei;FAN Bin;WANG Li;ZHAO Xue(College of Food Science and Technology,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《食品科学》2022年第7期289-297,共9页Food Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2020YFD0900202;2018YFC0311201);山东省重点研发计划项目(2018YYSP006)。

摘　　要：海参硫酸多糖包括岩藻糖基硫酸软骨素(fucosylated chondroitin sulfate,FCS)和硫酸岩藻聚糖(fucoidan,FUC),是来源于海参体壁结构复杂的一类硫酸多糖。研究表明,FCS主链由β-D-葡萄糖醛酸和β-D-乙酰氨基半乳糖构成二糖重复单元,支链由不同聚合度的L-岩藻糖构成,FUC主要由硫酸化α-L-岩藻糖构成主链,两者主链中均含有少量其他类型单糖。FCS的硫酸基位于主链β-D-乙酰氨基半乳糖的C-4、C-6或C-4,6位和支链L-岩藻糖的C-4、C-3,4或C-2,4位,FUC的硫酸基位于L-岩藻糖的C-2或C-4位,也存在C-2,4双硫取代。目前,海参硫酸多糖化学组成、结构的分析技术主要为甲基化法分析、二维核磁共振技术、液相色谱-串联质谱分析技术等。本文对海参硫酸多糖的化学组成和结构以及常用分析技术进行了总结,旨在为海参硫酸多糖的结构分析以及构效关系研究提供依据。Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate(FCS)and fucoidan(FUC)from sea cucumber are a class of fucose-rich sulfated polymers with a complex structure found in the body wall of sea cucumber.Previous studies have demonstrated that the backbone of FCS is composed ofβ-D-glucuronic acid andβ-D-acetylgalactosamine,whose branched chains are composed of L-fucoses of different degrees of polymerization,and that the backbone of FUC is mainly composed ofα-L-fucose.Both sulfated polysaccharides contain a small amount of other monosaccharides.Sulfate groups are mainly located at positions C-4,C-6 or C-4,6 of D-acetylgalactosamine in the main chain and at positions C-4,C-3,4 or C-2,4 of L-fucose in the branched chains of FCS,and located at C-2,C-4 or C-2,4 of L-fucose in FUC.Therefore,the structures of both sulfated polymers are highly heterogeneous.The currently available techniques for structural analysis of FCS and FUC mainly include methylation analysis,two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy and liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Here,we give an up-to-date review on the chemical composition,structural features and common analytical techniques of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharides.We hope this review would provide useful information for future studies on the structural analysis and structure-activity relationship of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharides.

关 键 词：海参 硫酸多糖 化学组成 化学结构 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]