“白话”“口语”与现代诗的叙述学  

“Vernacular”,“Spoken Language”and Narratology of Modern Poetry

作　　者：孙基林[1] SUN Jilin

机构地区：[1]山东大学诗学高等研究中心,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《思想战线》2022年第3期162-172,共11页Thinking

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“诗歌叙述学的中国传统、西方资源与当代诗歌写作生态研究”阶段性成果(21YJA751021)。

摘　　要：中国新诗发端于新文化运动中的“白话诗”,而“白话”作为新诗赖以存在的语体,它是在当时人们日常口语的基础上,经过传统白话语言和欧化语体等多重作用而形成的一种语言形式。尽管白话诗中的“白话”不等于口语,但它与口语的关系最为密切。“白话”本质上就是一种叙述语言,所以,白话诗具有赖以存在的叙述基因和要素。虽然白话、口语一直是百年新诗史上最为重要的焦点话题之一,并且以不同面目反复出现,但真正能与新文化运动中的白话诗相提并论的,也只有20世纪80年代出现的口语写作思潮。无论“前口语”还是“后口语”,实质上都是一种叙述语体,并且以此前后呼应、影响,从而形成了大面积的诗歌叙述风气和思潮。如从历史过程看,无论是新文化运动中的白话叙述诗,还是新时期启蒙年代的口语叙述性写作,均为中国现代诗的叙述学提供了典型文本和叙述思想。Chinese New Poetry originated from the“vernacular poetry”in the New Culture Movement,and“vernacular”,as the language style on which new poetry depends,was formed on the basis of common people’s oral language at that time and under the multiple influence of traditional Chinese vernacular,a Europeanized language style and so on.Although“vernacular”in vernacular poetry is not equal to spoken language,it is most closely related to it.“Vernacular”is essentially a narrative language,so vernacular poetry possesses the narrative genes and elements on which it is based.From the perspective of language,vernacular and oral language have always ranked among the most important focuses in the history of new poetry for a hundred years,appearing continually and in different forms,however what is comparable to the“vernacular poetry”in the New Culture Movement is only the“oral writing”that appeared in the 1980s.Whether the former oral writing or the latter,they are essentially a narrative style,echoing and influencing each other,resulting in a great atmos⁃phere and trend of poetic narration.In the light of historical process,both the vernacular narrative po⁃etry in the New Culture Movement and the oral narrative writing in the enlightenment era in the new period have provided typical texts and narrative ideas for the Narratology of modern Chinese poetry and made important contributions to the creative development of Chinese poetry and poetics!

关 键 词：白话 口语 现代诗 叙述学 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]