基于语料库的中国日语学习者复合动词习得研究  

A Corpus-based Study of Chinese Japanese Learners’Acquisition of Japanese Compound Verbs

作　　者：陈曦[1] CHEN Xi(School of Japanese Studies,Xi’an International Studies University,710128,Xi’an,China)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学日本文化经济学院,西安710128

出　　处：《北方工业大学学报》2022年第3期53-59,76,共8页Journal of North China University of Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“日语复合动词习得的多视阈研究”(17XYY028)。

摘　　要：本文通过对比学习者与母语者语料,就中国日语学习者复合动词的使用情况、偏误类型及成因进行了探究。研究发现:学习者的使用频率及种类均明显低于母语者,有过少使用句法型复合动词倾向。高频前项、后项动词的70%为共通项目,学习者有过多使用“とり~”“~あう”,过少使用“~かける”“~はじめる”等表示“体”复合动词的倾向。复合动词使用的频率及种类随日语水平提高而增加,学习者的使用形式单调语义单一,且有回避使用倾向。偏误有与本动词混用、与其他复合动词混用、后项动词自他误用等三类,其成因为目的语知识不健全所导致的回避策略及规则泛化。This paper investigates Chinese Japanese learners usage of compound verbs,their types of errors as well as causes of errors by comparing learners corpus and native speakers corpus.The results show that:firstly,the frequency and variety of Chinese learners’usage of compound verbs are significantly lower than those of native speakers,and Chinese learners tend to use fewer syntactic compound verbs.Secondly,the common items of the high frequency firstly-positioned verbs and secondly-positioned verbs is up to 70%.Learners use more compound verbs such as‘tori~’and‘~au’than native speakers but fewer compound verbs which show aspect,such as‘~kakeru’and‘~hajimeru’.Thirdly,the frequency and variety of their usage increase with the development of their language proficiency.However,learners’usage of compound verbs not various enough both in forms and meanings,and they tend to avoid some usage.The findings also show that Chinese learners commit three types of errors:mixing with the original verb,mixing with other compound verbs,and mixing with transitivity and intransitivity of the secondly-positioned verbs,which are caused by learners’use of the avoidance strategy and their overgeneralization of rules because of learners’imperfect knowledge of the target language.

关 键 词：复合动词 语料库 中介语对比分析 日语教学 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]