外源乙烯处理对黄冠梨果皮褐变和货架期品质的影响  

Effects of exogenous ethylene treatment on the peel browning and shelf life quality of Huangguan pears

作　　者：秦畅 李丹 赵韩栋 陈庆敏 傅茂润[1] Qin Chang;Li Dan;Zhao Handong;Chen Qingmin;Fu Maorun(Food Science and Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China;Food Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural Engineering University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)食品科学与工程学院,济南250353 [2]山东农业工程学院食品科学与工程学院,济南250100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第6期312-318,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31801600);山东省高等学校青创科技计划果蔬贮藏与保鲜创新团队项目(2019KJF010);山东省大学生创新训练项目(S202010431105)。

摘　　要：为了避免黄冠梨果实在低温贮藏(0℃左右)条件下果皮褐变的发生,该研究采用5、20和100μL/L外源乙烯对黄冠梨进行贮前处理,以0℃贮藏下无外源乙烯处理作为对照组,以采后恒温至30℃、逐步降温至0℃处理作为程序降温组。通过外源乙烯处理组与对照及程序降温组的对比,探讨采后外源乙烯处理对黄冠梨果皮褐变与果实品质的影响。结果表明,不同浓度的外源乙烯处理均能完全抑制褐变的发生,且表皮无伤害,而程序降温组的发病指数为10%,对照组则高达37.6%。货架期结束时(6 d)外源乙烯处理组的果实硬度与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。外源乙烯各处理组果实含水率均高于对照及程序降温组(P<0.05),利用低场核磁共振技术检测发现对照组自由水含量最高,5和100μL/L外源乙烯处理组自由水含量较低。与对照组和程序降温组比较,外源乙烯处理对黄冠梨果实中可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖和抗坏血酸等果实品质指标都能起到提高或者维持的效果,其中5μL/L处理浓度的效果较优。研究结果表明,贮前外源乙烯处理是一种既能抑制黄冠梨果皮褐变又能保持果实货架期品质的高效、简便的技术。Low-temperature refrigeration has been commonly used for post-harvest storage and preservation of fruits.But the long-term low-temperature storage can lead to the browning peel of Huangguan pear,or even be detrimental to the fruit quality.Alternatively,ethylene can serve as an endogenous hormone to regulate plant growth and development,whether fruit ripening or the stress resistance of plants.In this study,the slow release of exogenous ethylene with different concentrations was selected to treat the Huangguan pear fruits before storage,in order to explore the effects on the peel browning and quality during the subsequent shelf life.Three ethylene concentrations were produced in the same volume of closed space:5,20,and 100μL/L.The control group was taken as the Huangguan pears with the rapid cooling at 0℃and without the exogenous ethylene treatment.The low-temperature treatment group was set:the Huangguan pears after harvesting was immediately treated by cooling to 0℃,where the temperature was kept at 30℃and decreased by 1℃every day for 30 days.Some indicators of fruit quality were then measured,including the water content,disease incidence,soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid,and ascorbic acid.The performance of postharvest exogenous ethylene treatment was evaluated on the fruit quality,in order to avoid the occurrence of browning of the fruit peel under low-temperature storage(about 0℃).The results showed that the different concentrations of exogenous ethylene treatments completely inhibited the occurrence of browning of the peel of Huangguan pear,where there were no signs of damage on the epidermis.The incidence indexes were 10%and 37.6%for the low-temperature condition treatment and the control,respectively.At the end of the shelf life(6 d),the fruit firmness of the exogenous ethylene treatment group was significantly different from that of the control group(P<0.05).The water content of fruits in the three different concentrations of exogenous ethylene treatment groups were higher than those

关 键 词：保鲜 品质控制 黄冠梨 果皮褐变 外源乙烯 程序降温 货架期品质 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]