八个海棠品种叶片营养成分与抗氧化活性分析  

The nutrients and antioxidant activities of eight crabapple cultivars leaves

作　　者：许申平[1] 袁秀云[1] 吉长献 王默霏[1] 张燕[1] 蒋素华[1] 牛苏燕 崔波[1] XU Shenping;YUAN Xiuyun;JI Changxian;WANG Mofei;ZHANG Yan;JIANG Suhua;NIU Suyan;CUI Bo(Research Center of Bioengineering,Zhengzhou Normal University,Zhengzhou 450044,China;Tianze Agriculture and Forestry Limited Company of Gongyi,Gongyi 451200,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州师范学院,生物工程研究中心,河南郑州450044 [2]巩义市天泽农林有限公司,河南巩义451200

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2022年第12期196-201,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：郑州师范学院科技创新团队支持计划项目(ZS180110);郑州市产业科技服务团项目(ZZ20180005)。

摘　　要：海棠叶片中含有丰富的生物活性和营养成分,但是大部分被浪费和丢弃。为合理开发和充分利用海棠叶片,该研究以8种海棠为试验材料,对其叶片主要营养成分、矿物元素和抗氧化活性进行分析。研究发现,海棠叶片不但含有丰富的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、氨基酸和矿质元素,而且具有较强的抗氧化活性,但品种间具有显著性差异。在叶片营养成分方面,可溶性糖含量最高的组“世标1号”、“冬红”和西府海棠比含量最低组垂丝海棠、“绚丽”和“红丽”的含量高57.50%;叶片可溶性蛋白含量最高的“世标1号”比含量最低的“绚丽”高84.34%;氨基酸的含量为57.13~88.78 mg/g。在矿质元素含量方面,海棠叶片常量元素中Ca含量最高,微量元素中Fe含量最高。在抗氧化活性方面,8种海棠叶片类黄酮和总酚的含量分别为37.46~58.27 mg/g和70.66~133.49 mg/g,其中“冬红”的含量最高;8种海棠叶片去除DPPH自由基和ABTS阳离子自由基的效果均较好,“冬红”和垂丝海棠叶片清除DPPH自由基和ABTS阳离子自由基能力较强,分别为92.79%和91.75%。对8个海棠品种叶片的12个指标进行主成分分析,得出8种海棠叶片营养成分和抗氧化活性的综合得分排序为:垂丝海棠<西府海棠<“沂蒙甜茶”<“绚丽”<“世标1号”<“红丽”<“凯尔斯”<“冬红”。以上结果表明,海棠叶片具有较好的开发利用价值和广阔的开发前景。Crabapple leaves were rich in biological activity components and nutrients,however,most of them were discarded in the field.In order to improve the usage of the crabapples leaves,the present study attempt to characterize the main nutraceutical compounds,mineral elements and antioxidant activities of leaves in eight crabapple cultivars.The results showed that the leaves of crabapples not only contained abundant soluble sugar,soluble protein,amino acid and mineral elements,but also had strong antioxidant activity,however,there were significantly different between different cultivars.For nutraceutical compounds of leaves,the contents of soluble sugar in the highest groups of‘Shibiao 1’,‘Winter red’and Malus.micromalus were 57.50%higher than those in the lowest groups of M.halliana,‘Radiant’and‘Red splendor’.The soluble protein content of‘Shibiao 1’with the highest content was 84.34%higher than that of‘Radiant’which with the lowest.Moreover,the content of amino acids ranged from 57.13 mg/g to 88.78 mg/g.For the mineral element of eight crabapple cultivars,the content of Ca was the highest in major elements,and the content of Fe was the highest in minor elements.For phenolic compounds,the content of flavonoids and total phenols was the highest in‘Winter red’,and the contents ranged from 37.46 to 58.27 mg/g in flavonoids,ranged from 70.66 to 133.49 mg/g in total phenols contents in leaves of the eight crabapple cultivars.All crabapple cultivars leaves displayed high antioxidant activity.‘Winter red’and M.halliana had the strongest DPPH and ABTS+radical-scavenging activity among the tested leaves,which were 92.79%and 91.75%,respectively.Based on the principal component analysis of the 12 indexes of eight crabapple cultivars,the comprehensive scores of nutritional composition and antioxidant activity were obtained as follows:Malus.halliana<Malus.micromalus<‘Sweet tea’<‘Radiant’<‘Shibiao 1’<‘Red splendor’<‘Kelsy’<‘Winter red’.Based on these results,the leaves of crab

关 键 词：海棠 叶片 营养成分 类黄酮 总酚 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]