2018—2020年保定市市售食品中食源性致病菌检出情况分析  

Analysis on detection information of foodborne pathogen in food sold on markets in Baoding from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：樊江平 刘成 周美静 苏明[1] 张亮[1] 梅玲 FAN Jiang-ping;LIU Cheng;ZHOU Mei-jing;SU Ming;ZHANG Liang;MEI Ling(Baoding Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei 071000 China;不详)

机构地区：[1]保定市疾病预防控制中心,河北071000 [2]保定市第一中心医院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第6期604-607,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：保定市科技计划项目(2011ZF001)。

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2020年保定市市售食品中食源性致病菌的污染分布状况,为预防和控制食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法依据国家现行有效的《食品卫生微生物学检验标准汇编》GB/T 4789(2003—2008版)对食品样品中的致病菌进行检测。结果2018—2020年保定市共检测食品样品664份,致病菌检出57份,检出率8.58%。检出率最高的致病菌为蜡样芽胞杆菌(11.74%),其次分别为副溶血性弧菌(6.90%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(2.24%)、单核细胞增生李斯特菌(1.74%)、沙门菌(1.07%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=66.65,P<0.05)。检出率最高的食品类型为学校周边熟制米面制品(31.48%),其次为寿司(20.45%),不同类型食品中致病菌检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=80.99,P<0.05)。不同采样地点致病菌检出率最高的为街头摊点(37.04%),其次分别为农贸市场(18.33%)和快餐店(13.16%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=101.91,P<0.05)。结论2018—2020年保定市市售食品安全状况良好,但部分类型食品和一些餐饮、流通环节仍存在一定风险。应加强监管,预防食源性疾病的发生。Objective To understand the distribution information of contaminations of foodborne pathogens in the food sold on markets in Baoding from 2018 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods The pathogens in food samples were tested in accordance with the Compilation of Food Hygiene Microbiology Inspection Standards GB/T 4789(Version 2003—2008).Results A total of 664 food samples were detected in Baoding from 2018 to 2020,and 57 pathogens with a detection rate of 8.58%were detected.The pathogen with the maximum detection rate was Bacillus cereus(11.74%),followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus(6.90%),Staphylococcus aureus(2.24%),Listeria monocytogenes(1.74%),Salmonella(1.07%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=66.65,P<0.05).The food type with the maximum detection rate was cooked rice and noodles around the school(31.48%),followed by Sushi(20.45%),the difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in different types of food was statistically significant(χ^(2)=80.99,P<0.05).The maximum detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was found in street stalls(37.04%),followed by farmers′markets(18.33%)and fast food restaurants(13.16%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=101.91,P<0.05).Conclusion The overall safety of food sold in markets of Baoding from 2018 to 2020 is satisfactory,while certain risks are found with partial types of food,some catering and circulation links,and supervision should be tightened to prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

关 键 词：食源性致病菌 市售食品 监测 食品污染 调查 分析 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]