茶树远缘杂交生物碱和儿茶素遗传变异研究  

Study on the Genetic Variation of Alkaloids and Catechins in the Distant Hybridization of Tea Plant

作　　者：罗莉 李敏 曾贞[1] 周梦珍 成晨 晏嫦妤[1] 黄亚辉[1] LUO Li;LI Min;ZENG Zhen;ZHOU Mengzhen;CHENG Chen;YAN Changyu;HUANG Yahui(College of Horticulture South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Tea Science,Provincial and Ministry Co-construction,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Finance and Economics School,Foshan 528231,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院/茶学省部共建重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广东财经职业技术学校,广东佛山528231

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2022年第2期163-172,共10页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：广东省农业科技创新及推广项目(2021LM1117)。

摘　　要：为研究茶树远缘杂交生物碱和儿茶素的遗传变异规律,以金萱(Camellia sinensis cv.Jinxuan)×南昆山毛叶茶(Camellia ptilophylla Chang)及其远缘杂交育成的64份F;代全同胞系茶树为材料,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测双亲和F;代个体的生物碱和儿茶素组分含量,运用了相关分析、聚类分析和主成分分析等方法,以及相对遗传力和杂种优势等遗传理论分析。结果表明,F_(1)代咖啡碱含量(CAF)和生物碱总量(SCT)之间存在极显著相关的一元线性回归方程:Y_(SCI)=0.565+1.062X_(CAF);基于可可碱和咖啡碱含量,F_(1)代在遗传距离6.0处分为四大类群,第Ⅰ、第Ⅲ类群区别于父母本,第Ⅱ类群与母本相似,未出现与父本相似的个体;可可碱表现出倾向于母本的负向显性遗传,咖啡碱/可可碱表现出倾向于母本的正向显性遗传,生物碱总量表现出倾向于父本的正向显性遗传。南昆山毛叶茶(♂)主要儿茶素的含量依次为:GCG>GC>EGCG>EC>ECG>C>CG;金萱(♀)主要儿茶素的含量依次为:EGCG>C>CG>EC>GC>GCG>ECG;F_(1)代儿茶素组分中变异系数最大的为CG(56.04%),变异系数最小的为EGCG(19.28%);EGCG、EC、TEC表现出倾向于母本的正向显性遗传,GCG表现出倾向于母本的负向显性遗传,CG表现出倾向于父本的负向显性遗传。To study the genetic variation of tea alkaloids and catechins in distant hybridization,Camellia sinensis cv.Jinxuan (♀),Camellia ptilophylla Chang (♂) and its distant hybridization breeding F;progeny of 64 full-sib tea plants were used as materials,the content of alkaloids and catechins in both affinity and F_(1) generation individuals were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The correlation analysis,cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and genetic theories such as relative heritability and heterosis analysis were performed in this study.The results showed that the caffeine content (CAF) and total alkaloids (SCT) in F;generation shared a very significant correlation with one-variable linear regression equation Y_(SCI)=0.565+1.062X_(CAF).Based on the theobromine and caffeine content,the F_(1)generation was divided into four major groups at a genetic distance of 6.0.Groups I and III were different from the parental parent,while the group II was similar to the female parent,and there were no individuals similar to the male parent.Theobromine showed a negative dominant inheritance tending to the maternal parent,the caffeine/theobromine showed a positive dominant inheritance tending to the maternal parent,and the total amount of alkaloids showed a positive dominant inheritance tending to the male parent.Moreover,the content of main catechins in Camellia ptilophylla Chang (♂) were as follows:GCG>GC>EGCG>EC>ECG>C>CG;the content of main catechins in Camellia sinensis cv.Jinxuan (♀) were as follows:EGCG>C>CG>EC>GC>GCG>ECG;CG (56.04%) had the largest coefficient of variation and EGCG (19.28%) had the smallest coefficient of variation among catechin components in F_(1)generation.is.EC and TEC showed positive inheritance tending to maternal parent,GCG showed negative dominant inheritance tending to maternal parent,and CG showed negative dominant inheritance tending to male parent.

关 键 词：茶树 远缘杂交 生物碱 儿茶素 遗传变异 F_(1)代 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]