不同采摘形式加工的海青红茶生化与香气成分研究  

Comparison of Biochemical Components and Aroma Constituents between Different Picking Methods of Haiqing Black Tea

作　　者：王明刚 林静 刘冉霞 丁立孝[4] WANG Ming-gang;LIN Jing;LIU Ran-xia(Qingdao West Coast New Area Vocational Secondary School,Qingdao,Shandong 266400;Rizhao Quality Inspection and Testing Institute,Rizhao,Shandong 276826;College of Food Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109)

机构地区：[1]青岛西海岸新区职业中等专业学校,山东青岛266400 [2]日照市质量检验检测研究院,山东日照276826 [3]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109 [4]日照职业技术学院,山东日照276826

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第15期174-179,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：选用不同季节和不同采摘方式制作的海青红茶为研究对象,分析其品质成分并采用GC-MS进行香气成分分析。结果表明,夏季人工红茶、夏季机采红茶与春季红茶酚氨比分别为4.2、2.8、3.4,咖啡碱含量分别为3.1、2.5、3.4,机采红茶酚氨比与咖啡碱均最低。三种红茶分别鉴定出98种、60种、61种化合物,香气组分存在少许差异,醇类含量最多,其次是醛类、酮类;夏季人工红茶主要香气成分是苯甲醇、苯乙醇、苯乙醛、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇、7,9-二叔丁基-1-氧杂螺(4,5)癸-6,9-二烯-2,8-二酮、反式芳樟醇氧化物(呋喃)、香叶醇、α-亚乙基-苯乙醛、6-乙烯基四氢-2,2,6-三甲基-2H-吡喃-3-醇、3,7-二甲基-1,5,7-辛三烯-3-醇、1-乙基-1H-吡咯-2-甲醛等;夏季机采红茶主要香气成分是苯乙醛、苯乙醇、3,7-二甲基-1,5,7-辛三烯-3-醇、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇、7,9-二叔丁基-1-氧杂螺-(4,5)癸-6,9-二烯-2,8-二酮、顺式-5-乙烯基四氢-α,α,5-三甲基-2-呋喃甲醇、反式芳樟醇氧化物(呋喃)、苯甲醇、苯甲醛、6-乙烯基四氢-2,2,6-三甲基-2H-吡喃-3-醇、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、香叶醇、(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛等。夏季机采红茶与人工采摘红茶香气组分相当,且酚氨比低。因此,对于海青大宗夏季茶叶,可利用机械采摘,大量生产夏季红茶,以改善夏茶产品品质,提高经济效益。Haiqing black tea produced in different seasons and different picking methods was selected as the research object,and its quality components were analyzed and the aroma components were analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that ratio of polyphenol to amino acid of summer manual-picked,summer machine-picked and spring black tea were 4.2,2.8 and 3.4,caffeine content were 3.1,2.5 and 3.4,respectively.The ratio of polyphenol to amino acid and caffeine content were the lowest in summer machine-picked black tea.98,60 and 61 compounds were identified in the three black teas,respectively.The main aroma components of summer manual-picked black tea were benzyl alcohol,phenylethyl alcohol,phenylacetaldehyde,3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol,7,9-di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione,trans-linalool oxide(furanoid),geraniol,alpha-ethylidene-phenylacetaldehyde,6-ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-2H-pyran-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-1,5,7-octatrien-3-ol,1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde,etc.The main aroma components of summer machine-picked black tea were phenylacetaldehyde,phenylethyl alcohol,3,7-dimethyl-1,5,7-octatrien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol,7,9-di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione,cis-5-ethenyltetrahydro-alpha,alpha,5-trimethyl-2-furanmethanol,trans-linalool oxide(furanoid),benzyl alcohol,benzaldehyde,6-ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-2H-pyran-3-ol,6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one,geraniol,(E,E)-2,4-heptadienal,etc.The aromatic constituents of summer machine-picked black tea were similar to summer manual-picked black tea,and the ratio of polyphenol to amino acid was relatively lower.Therefore,for Haiqing’s bulk summer tea leaves,mechanical picking can be used to produce large quantities of summer black tea,so as to improve the quality of summer tea products and increase economic benefits.

关 键 词：海青红茶 不同采摘形式 生化成分 香气成分 GC-MS分析 

分 类 号：TS272[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]