以“学”为中心的课程设计在医学实验教学中的探索与应用  

Exploration and Application of Learner-centered Course Design in Medical Experiments

作　　者：李冬菊[1] 张亚东[1] 李艳[1] 胡樱[1] 严钰锋[1] 马淑兰[1] LI Dongju;ZHANG Yadong;LI Yan;HU Ying;YAN Yufeng;MA Shulan(National Experimental Demonstration Center of Basic Medicine,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国家级基础医学实验教学示范中心,上海200032

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2022年第5期202-206,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：上海市教育科学研究项目(C2021310)。

摘　　要：在以“教”为中心的传统教学模式下,实验教学对医学生的培养未能充分发挥其应有的优势和作用,而以“学”为中心的教学改革则旨在创设一个优化的学习情境,以支撑学生对知识构建的全过程,使学生由被动接受知识填灌的“容器”,变成课堂知识的构建者和传播者。因此,探索以“学”为中心的教学设计与实践,通过平台使用率和自主学习得分评估学生自主学习情况,以实验中家兔的使用情况评估学生的实践能力。结果显示,以“学”为中心教学方法的学生,平台使用率、自主学习得分以及合理使用家兔比例均高于同专业采用传统教学法的学生。这些结果表明,以“学”为中心的教学法不仅有助于激发学生自主学习的动力,形成自主学习的习惯,也提升了解决问题的实践能力。Under the traditional teaching-centered instructional design,experimental course has failed to give full play to its respective advantages in the cultivation of medical students.The aim of learner-centered teaching reform is to create an optimized learning environment to support the whole process of students’knowledge construction,so that students can transform from empty containers filled with knowledge to builders and disseminators of knowledge.Therefore,the learner-centered design in teaching was explored and practiced.The platform usage and the score of autonomous learning were used to evaluate the students’autonomous learning,and the reasonable usage of rabbits in experiments to assess the students’performance on the practical task.The results show that the platform usage,the score of autonomous learning,and the proportion of reasonable use of rabbits for students who adopted the learner-centered method were higher than those of students in the same major who adopted traditional teaching methods.Those results indicate that the curriculum design and practice of experimental courses centered on learner,not only students’autonomous learning is motivated,the independent learning habit is cultivated,but also the practical ability to solve problems is improved.

关 键 词：课程设计 以学为中心 医学生 实验教学 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]