感性作为美的维度:为美学奠基  

Sensibility as the Dimension of Beauty: Laying the Foundation for Aesthetics

作　　者：严春友[1] YAN Chun-you(College of Future Education,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学未来教育学院、哲学院,广东珠海519085

出　　处：《河北学刊》2022年第5期37-49,共13页Hebei Academic Journal

摘　　要：如今的美学领域越来越宽泛,几乎找不到它的边界了。一个学科要立得住,需要有明确的维度,有不变的内核,并与其他学科之间存在较为明确的界限。美学的内核就是感性,是感性中的美与丑,因此美学应当回到鲍姆嘉通的“感性学”那里去。唯有从感性这个维度出发,才可以确立美学的牢固地位,才能够明确其与相关领域之间的分野。这种审美的感性,可以说是:目击而存,耳听而在,身触而生。不指向这样一种感性维度的,就不能说是美学的。由于美与真、善、想象力、情感等混合在一起,在流行的观点中,往往存在着对于不同层次的混淆,没有区分清楚美与真、美与善、美与艺术、美与想象、美与情感之间的界限,以至于无法说清一些基本的美学问题;而以前述感性维度作为评判的准则,就可以在它们之间作出明确的区分。人的心灵是一个整体,美感与人的整个身心关联在一起,心灵的所有活动几乎都伴随着审美的环节,只要立足于感性这个维度,就可以将美这个环节从整体的活动中区分开来。审美维度的这个“感”当然也不可能离开理性,它是理性伸向感性维度的触须,是以感性表现出来的理性,正如理性是以抽象的形式表现出来的感性。对于上述观点,可从五个方面进行具体的分析和论证:美感与感官;美感与真理;美感与想象;美感与情感;美感与崇高。Nowadays, the field of aesthetics is becoming broader and broader, and its boundary can hardly be found. The core of aesthetics is sensibility. Only from the dimension of sensibility can we establish the solid position of aesthetics and clarify the distinction between aesthetics and related fields. The human mind is a whole, and almost all activities of the mind are accompanied by aesthetic links. As long as we base ourselves on the dimension of sensibility, we can distinguish beauty from the overall activities. Of course, this sensibility of the aesthetic dimension can not leave reason. It is the tentacle of reason extending to the perceptual dimension, and it is the reason expressed in sensibility, just as reason is the sensibility expressed in abstract form. It can be analyzed and demonstrated from five aspects: aesthetic feeling and sensibility;aesthetic feeling and truth;aesthetic feeling and imagination;aesthetic feeling and emotion;aesthetic feeling and sublimity.

关 键 词：美学 感性 真理 想象 情感 崇高 

分 类 号：B83-0[哲学宗教—美学]