黄海海燕和玻璃海鞘营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional components of Asterina pectinifera and Ciona intestinalis

作　　者：傅志宇 刘雨曦 郑杰[1] 刘东竹 李龙 于笛[1] 王志松[1] 王庆志[1] FU Zhiyu;LIU Yuxi;ZHENG Jie;LIU Dongzhu;LI Long;YU Di;WANG Zhisong;WANG Qingzhi(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023;College of Food Science and Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,大连116023

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2022年第9期182-189,共8页China Food Additives

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院农业绿色高质量发展专项(2021HQ1917);辽宁省农业重大专项子课题(2020JH1/10200001);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201505030);大连市科技创新基金(2019J12SN60);大连市揭榜挂帅科技攻关项目(2021JB11SN305);大连市重点科技研发计划(2021YF16SN015);大连市科技创新基金(2020JJ27SN111)。

摘　　要：为实现对海洋敌害生物黄海海燕和玻璃海鞘资源的高值化开发利用,采用常规方法分别测定了其两者的营养成分,并对二者的营养组成特性和营养价值进行了分析和评价。结果表明:黄海海燕和玻璃海鞘灰分和蛋白质含量较高,粗脂肪和总糖含量较低,二者矿物质元素含量丰富。黄海海燕和玻璃海鞘脂肪酸种类丰富,黄海海燕不饱和脂肪酸尤其是EPA和DHA含量远高于玻璃海鞘,其饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸之间的比例为1∶0.85∶1.01,相对更为理想。黄海海燕和玻璃海鞘氨基酸组成均以Gly、Glu和Asp等呈味氨基酸为主,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例以及必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比例分别为28.42%、39.71%以及38.65%和63%,玻璃海鞘的氨基酸比例更加适宜。黄海海燕和玻璃海鞘营养组成各具特色,具有一定的开发潜力。Asterina pectinifera and Ciona intestinalis are harmful to the aquaculture,the nutritional ingredients of these two marine organisms were determined by conventional methods,and the nutritional characteristics and nutritional value were further analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that both Asterina pectinifera and Ciona intestinalis were with high ash and protein,low crude fat and total sugar,and were rich in mineral elements. Various fatty acids were found in both organisms;the unsaturated fatty acids,especially EPA and DHA,was much higher in Asterina pectinifera than that in Ciona intestinalis. The ratio of saturated fatty acids,monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in Asterina pectinifera(1∶0.85∶1.01)was more ideal. Gly,Glu and Asp were the main flavoring amino acids in Asterina pectinifera and Ciona intestinalis,and the proportion of essential amino acids to total amino acids and essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids were 28.42%,39.71% and 38.65%,63%,respectively. The amino acids composition and ratio of Ciona intestinalis was more suitable for human health. The nutrient compositions of both Asterina pectinifera and Ciona intestinalis have their unique characteristics,and both have potentials development of nutritional value.

关 键 词：黄海海燕 玻璃海鞘 基本营养组成 脂肪酸组成 氨基酸组成 矿物质元素 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]