四种微藻的风味成分及其特征分析  

Volatile Flavor Compositions and the Odorant Feature Analysis of Four Microalgae

作　　者：郭桂筱 苏伟明[1,3] 岳瑶 李雁群 胡雪琼[1,2] GUO Guixiao;SU Weiming;YUE Yao;LI Yanqun;HU Xueqiong(College of Food Science and Technology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学海洋药物研究所,广东湛江524088 [3]广东省水产品加工与安全重点实验室,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2022年第23期291-300,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：广东省国际合作项目(2017A050501038)。

摘　　要：目的:钝顶螺旋藻、富油新绿藻、三角褐指藻和湛江等鞭金藻是常见的食(饲)用微藻,它们可能通过食物链传递作用影响食品或水产及畜禽肉类食品的风味。本研究通过分析这四种微藻的风味特性,为其相关食品风味研究提供基础数据。方法:应用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术结合电子鼻技术,检测微藻的挥发性化合物,进而分析微藻的风味特征。结果:上述四种微藻分别检出挥发性成分33种、35种、23种和29种。钝顶螺旋藻的主要呈味成分为己醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯醛,(E)-2-壬烯醛、己醛,赋予其青草、泥土和脂肪味;富油新绿藻的主要呈味成分为(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、辛醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、己醛和己醇,赋予其脂肪、泥土、鱼腥和青草味;三角褐指藻的主要呈味成分是庚醛、萘、辛醛、己醛和1-辛烯-3-醇,赋予其脂肪味;湛江等鞭金藻的主要呈味成分是(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、己醇、己醛和(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛,赋予其脂肪、青草和鱼腥味。结论:四种微藻的主要呈味成分是己醛、己醇、1-辛烯-3-醇和7~10个碳原子的烯醛和二烯醛类,使这几种微藻主要呈现青草、泥土、鱼腥和脂肪等风味特征。Objective:Spirulina platensis,Neochloris oleoabundans,Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis are common microalgae for food and feed.Their odors can affect the flavor of foods made from the aquaculture and farm animals through the food-chain transfer.This study aimed at analyzing the flavor characteristics of these four microalgae to provide fundamental data for the further researches of the relative foods.Methods:HS-SPME-GC-MS and electronic nose techniques were applied to identify the volatile compounds and the flavor profiles of the microalgae were analyzed thereafter.Results:In the four microalgae mentioned above,33,35,23 and 29 volatile compounds were identified respectively.The results showed that hexanol,1-octen-3-ol,(E,Z)-2,4-decadienal,(E)-2-nonenal and hexanal were the main compounds in S.platensis contributing to its grassy,earthy and fatty odor;(E,Z)-2,4-decadienal,(E,E)-2,4-decadienal,octanal,1-octen-3-ol,hexanal and hexanol were the key volatile compounds in N.oleoabundans and gave it a flavor feature of fatty,earthy,fishy and grassy note;heptanal,naphthalene,octanal,hexanal and 1-octen-3-ol were the main volatile compounds in P.tricornutum contributing to its fatty odor;(E,Z)-2,4-decadienal,(E,E)-2,4-decadienal,1-octen-3-ol,hexanol,hexanal and(E,E)-2,4-heptadienal were the primary volatile substances in I.zhanjiangensis giving it fatty,grassy and fishy odor.Conclusion:Hexanal,hexanol,1-octen-3-ol and olefin/diolefin aldehyde with 7~10 carbon atoms are the main odorous compounds in the four microalgae,contributing to their grassy,earthy,fishy and fatty odorous feature.

关 键 词：微藻 挥发性成分 特征不良风味 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]