青花椒精油对致龋菌的体外抑菌活性  

Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold&Zucc.against Cariogenic Bacteria

作　　者：程志敏 陈彦荣 王建辉[1] 刘冬敏[1] 方芳[1] 张博[1] 牟鸣薇 谢雨菲 易金枝 CHENG Zhimin;CHEN Yanrong;WANG Jianhui;LIU Dongmin;FANG Fang;ZHANG Bo;MU Mingwei;XIE Yufei;YI Jinzhi(School of Food Science and Biology Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学食品与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《食品科学》2022年第21期70-77,共8页Food Science

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(2021JJ10007);湖南省科技重点研发项目(2021NK2015,2019SK2121);湖南省科技人才托举工程中青年学者培养计划项目(2019TJ-Q01);长沙市科技创新创业领军人才项目(kh1902130);湖南佳元禄味型创新创业团队项目(2019-22)。

摘　　要：为研究青花椒精油(Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold&Zucc.essential oils,ZSEOs)对变形链球菌、血链球菌和远缘链球菌的体外抑菌活性,采用水蒸气蒸馏法从重庆、贵州、四川、云南4个产地的青花椒果皮中提取ZSEOs,分别记为ZS_(1)EO、ZS_(2)EO、ZS_(3)EO、ZS_(4)EO。通过全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱分析不同ZSEOs的化学组成,同时测定抑菌圈直径、最小抑菌质量浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)、最小杀菌质量浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC)、致龋菌生长曲线评估ZSEOs的抑菌活性,并通过扫描电子显微镜观察ZSEOs处理后细菌的形态变化。结果表明,芳樟醇(18.86%~22.00%)、柠檬烯(9.56%~14.84%)、β-月桂烯(5.79%~12.70%)、桧烯(5.49%~8.93%)和β-蒎烯(3.33%~6.41%)在4个产地ZSEOs中的含量均普遍较高。ZSEOs对3种致龋菌均有一定的抑制效果,其中ZS_(1)EO抑菌活性最强,对3种致龋菌的MIC和MBC范围分别为0.5~1.0 mg/mL和1~2 mg/mL。在致龋菌生长的延迟期和对数生长期加入MIC ZS_(1)EO会导致细菌停止增殖。ZS_(1)EO的抑菌活性与细菌链状结构的破坏和细菌细胞膜的损伤有关。综上,ZSEOs可作为植物来源的潜在龋病抗菌剂。This study focused on evaluating the antibacterial activity of essential oils from Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold&Zucc.(ZSEOs)against Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus sanguinis,and Streptococcus sobrinus.The essential oils were extracted from the pericarp of Z.schinifolium produced in four different areas of China(Chongqing,Guizhou,Sichuan,and Yunnan)by steam distillation and were designated as ZS_(1)EO,ZS_(2)EO,ZS_(3)EO and ZS_(4)EO,respectively and their chemical compositions were determined by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC-TOFMS).Meanwhile,the diameter of inhibition zone,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)and growth curve of the cariogenic bacteria were measured to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ZSEOs.In addition,morphological changes in cariogenic bacteria after treatment with ZSEOs were determined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results indicated that linalool(18.86%-22.00%),limonene(9.56%-14.84%),β-myrcene(5.79%-12.70%),sabinene(5.49%-8.93%)andβ-pinene(3.33%-6.41%)were identified as the main components of the four ZSEOs.All ZSEOs showed inhibitory activity against the growth of S.mutans,S.sanguinis,and S.sobrinus,among which ZS_(1)EO had the most potent antibacterial activity.The MIC and MBC of ZS_(1)EO against the three cariogenic bacteria were 0.5-1.0 and 1-2 mg/mL,respectively.The growth of bacterial cells in the lag and exponential growth phases was stopped by treatment with ZS_(1)EO at MIC concentration.The antibacterial activity of ZS_(1)EO was related to the destruction of the bacterial chain structure and bacterial cell membrane damage. Collectively, this study highlights the potential used of ZSEOs as plant-derived anticariogenic agents.

关 键 词：青花椒 精油 变形链球菌 血链球菌 远缘链球菌 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]