追寻实践智慧——王阳明“良知”论的精神旨趣  

Pursuing Practical Wisdom:The Spiritual Purpose of Wang Yangming’s“Innate Knowledge”Theory

作　　者：习细平[1] 张新国 XI Xiping;ZHANG Xinguo

机构地区：[1]南昌大学人文学院哲学系

出　　处：《哲学分析》2022年第6期79-87,192,共10页Philosophical Analysis

摘　　要：以道德德性解释王阳明的“良知”概念是学界以往的主流看法,即将之诠释为与从孟子到象山的“本心”相一致的范畴。这实质上主要是从“仁”的脉络来看的结果,如果从更广的视域看,“智”的意义同样不可忽视。对于王阳明哲学“智”德的探求,内在地导向对人的实践智慧的深层次考察。与理学以往诸形态的境界形而上学不同,王阳明良知论的精神旨趣在于为人的伦常行动灌注以权事制宜实践的智慧,即事砥砺和锻炼日用常行中的好恶之心,主张人不只是以良知为尺度来规范自己的道德行动,同时提倡人超越美德而追寻自然之诚德。Interpreting Wang Yangming’s concept of“innate knowledge”in terms of morality is themainstream view in the academic circle in the past,it is interpreted as a category consistent with the“Ben Xin”from Mencius to Lu Xiangshan.In essence,this is mainly the result of looking at the context of“Ren”.From a broader perspective,the meaning of“Zhi”cannot be ignored.The exploration of“wisdom”in Wang Yangming’s philosophy intrinsically guides people’s in-depth investigation of practical wisdom.Different from other Neo-Confucianisms,which focuses on realm-oriented metaphysics,Wang Yangming’s spiritual purpose is to provide practical wisdom to people’s behavior.Wang Yangming advocates that people should not only use“Ren”as a measure to regulate their own moral behavior,but also go beyond virtue to pursue the virtue of“integrity”.

关 键 词：实践智慧 良知 美德 好恶 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]