脉冲电场在固体食品加工中的应用  

Application of pulsed electric field in solid food processing

作　　者：章铖 杨瑞金[1,2,3,4] 赵伟 ZHANG Cheng;YANG Rui-Jin;ZHAO Wei(State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;School of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,无锡214122 [2]江南大学食品学院,无锡214122 [3]江苏省食品安全与质量控制协同创新中心,无锡214122 [4]江南大学教育部食品安全国际合作联合实验室,无锡214122

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第20期6545-6553,共9页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家食品与工程一流学科建设项目(JUFSTR20180202);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX21_2042)。

摘　　要：脉冲电场(pulsed electric field,PEF)技术被视为21世纪食品非热加工技术发展史上的里程碑之一。迄今为止,PEF已广泛应用于果汁、牛奶和液态蛋等液体食品的杀菌和钝酶,并朝着商业化道路前进。然而,与PEF在液体食品中的应用相比,其在固体食品中的应用还处于起步阶段。固体食品的表面虽然也富含微生物,但PEF处理这类食品对微生物的影响较小,因此不能将其应用于固体食品的杀菌保鲜。仅管如此,PEF诱导的细胞电穿孔使其可作为一种预处理方法,通过增加质量和能量传递效率的方式来进行辅助固体食品的干燥、冻融、烹饪等。因此,本文重点介绍基于PEF细胞响应的高品质食品加工应用,总结PEF处理室的特点及PEF预处理固体食品的相关机制。最后,本文探讨了PEF在固体食品加工中的主要障碍和前景,为PEF未来在食品行业的发展拓宽研究方向。Pulsed electric field(PEF) technology is regarded as one of the milestones in the history of non-thermal food processing technology developed in the 21st century. So far, PEF has been extensively used in the sterilization and inactivation enzymes of liquid food such as juice, milk, and liquid egg products, and its commercial applications have been gradually becoming popular. However, PEF application to solid foods is still in the infancy stage as compared to its application to liquid foods. Although the surface of solid foods is also rich in microorganisms, PEF treatment has little effect on microorganisms in such foods, so it cannot be applied to the sterilization and preservation of solid foods. Nonetheless, PEF-induced electroporation of cells makes it useful as a pre-treatment method for drying, freezing-thawing, and cooking, by increasing mass and energy transfer efficiency.Therefore, this review focused on high-quality food processing applications based on PEF cellular responses, and summarized the characteristics of the PEF treatment chamber and the related mechanism of PEF pre-treatment of solid foods. Finally, this paper looked forward to the main challenges and opportunities of PEF in food processing,which broadens future research directions for PEF in the solid foods industry.

关 键 词：脉冲电场 固体食品 加工 处理腔 电穿孔 

分 类 号：TS205[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]