基于GC-TOF-MS的大黄鱼鱼卵鱼露快速发酵过程中代谢产物分析  

Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Metabolites in Large Yellow Croaker Roe Sauce during Rapid Fermentation

作　　者：周静 张华丹[1,2] 火玉明 雷彩玲 杜希萍 梁鹏 程文健[1,2] 陈丽娇 ZHOU Jing;ZHANG Huadan;HUO Yuming;LEI Cailing;DU Xiping;LIANG Peng;CHENG Wenjian;CHEN Lijiao(College of Food Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition,Ministry of Education,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学食品科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]闽台特色海洋食品加工及营养健康教育部工程研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]福建省食品微生物与酶工程重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《食品科学》2022年第24期129-137,共9页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31801465);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01109);福建省科技厅星火计划项目(2020S01020107);福建农林大学杰出青年科研资助项目(XJQ201808)。

摘　　要：为了解大黄鱼鱼卵鱼露快速发酵过程中代谢产物的差异及变化,采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱技术对发酵30 d的大黄鱼鱼卵鱼露进行监测。对所得的数据进行多元统计分析,根据统计学上显著差异P值不大于0.05,且正交偏最小二乘判别分析第1主成分变量重要性值投影值不小于1的条件对差异代谢物进行筛选并进行凝聚层次聚类。结果表明:大黄鱼鱼卵鱼露发酵过程中的显著差异代谢产物共有46种,其中包括10种糖、9种醇、7种氨基酸、6种有机酸、4种酯、3种醛、1种脂肪酸以及6种其他化合物。差异代谢产物主要参与的代谢通路为缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成,蛋白质消化吸收,半乳糖代谢,氨酰-tRNA生物合成,甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢,硫代葡萄糖苷生物合成,三羧酸循环,氨基酸的生物合成,莽草酸类生物碱的生物合成,磷酸肌醇代谢,不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成。所映射出的15种极显著差异代谢物中氨基酸类代谢物参与了多条代谢通路。本研究结果为大黄鱼鱼卵鱼露的工业化提供一定理论依据。In order to understand the differences and changes of metabolites in large yellow croaker roe sauce during rapid fermentation,samples were collected over a fermentation period of 30 days and analyzed for metabolite composition by gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC-TOF-MS).Multivariate statistical analysis was performed on the obtained data,and the differential metabolites were selected based on statistically significant difference at P ≤ 0.05 and the variable importance in the projection(VIP) of the first principal component(PC1) ≥ 1 in the orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis and were analyzed by hierarchical agglomerative clustering.The results showed that a total of 46 differential metabolites were identified,including 10 sugars,9 alcohols,7 of amino acids,6 organic acids,4 esters and 3 aldehydes,1 fatty acid,and 6 other compounds.These metabolites were involved in the metabolic pathways of valine,leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis,protein digestion and absorption,galactose metabolism,ammonia acyltRNA biosynthesis,glycine,serine and threonine metabolism,glucosinolate biosynthesis,citric acid cycle,amino acid biosynthesis,shikimic acid-based biosynthesis of alkaloids,inositol phosphate metabolism,and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids.Fifteen significantly differential metabolites were identified included amino acid metabolites involved in multiple metabolic pathways.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of large yellow croaker roe sauce.

关 键 词：气相色谱-飞行时间质谱 大黄鱼 鱼露 差异代谢产物 

分 类 号：S985.19[农业科学—捕捞与储运]