小学数学教材难度研究——基于人教版三套教材的对比分析  

A Study of the Difficulty of Primary School Mathematics Textbooks:A Comparison of the Three Sets of Textbooks Published by People’s Education Press

作　　者：刘久成[1] 孙京京 邵静仪 顾瑾 蒋璐 梁馨文 Liu Jiucheng;Sun Jingjing;Shao Jingyi;Gu Jin;Jiang Lu;Liang Xinwen(College of Educational Science,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225002,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学教育科学学院,扬州225002

出　　处：《课程．教材．教法》2022年第11期120-126,共7页Curriculum，Teaching Material and Method

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部重点项目“改革开放以来小学数学教科书内容嬗变及其经验研究”(DHA190371)。

摘　　要：对三个时期人教版的三套小学数学教材中数与代数、图形与几何、统计与概率的14个知识主题进行量化分析和难度比较发现,三套教材的总体难度呈上升趋势,主要缘于教材内容广度增加、教学课时减少以及习题难度提高。这启示我们:必须关注教材与课程标准以及学生潜在学习能力的一致性研究;统筹考虑教材的知识广度、深度,使之在“广而浅”和“窄而深”中更趋平衡;教材内容呈现可视化和具象化越加明显的同时,应加强与学科知识内容的匹配;增强习题认知要求的层次性,注重习题背景的多样化;改善教材内容组织结构,为减轻学生过重课业负担创造条件。This paper selects fourteen knowledge topics from the fields of number and algebra,figure and geometry,and statistics and probability in three sets of primary school mathematics textbooks published by People’s Education Press in different stages.Through quantitative analysis and difficulty comparison of the three sets of textbooks,it is found that the overall difficulty of the three sets of textbooks is on the rise,mainly due to the increase of the breadth of the textbook content,the reduction of teaching hours and the improvement of exercise difficulty.It enlightens us that the consistency between textbooks,curriculum standards and students’ potential learning ability should be paid attention to;overall consideration should be given to the breadth and depth of knowledge in textbooks to make them more balanced between "wide and shallow" and "narrow and deep";while the visualization and visualization of the content of the teaching materials are becoming more and more obvious,the matching of the content with the subject knowledge should be strengthened;the cognitive requirements of the exercises should be enhanced in a hierarchical manner and the diversity of the context of the exercises should be emphasized;the content organization structure of textbooks should be improved to create conditions for reducing students’ excessive burden of schoolwork.

关 键 词：小学数学教材 教材难度 内容广度 内容深度 习题难度 

分 类 号：G623.5[文化科学—教育学]