酱香型白酒制曲用小麦硬度的评价研究  

Evaluation of Hardness of Daqu-Making Wheat of Jiangxiang Baijiu

作　　者：赵洪芳 李国辉 冯海燕 闫国开 李长文 卢君 ZHAO Hongfang;LI Guohui;FENG Haiyan;YAN Guokai;LI Changwen;LU Jun(Guizhou Guotai Distillery Co.Ltd.,Renhuai,Guizhou 564501;Tasly Research Academy,Tianjin 300410,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州国台酒业集团股份有限公司,贵州仁怀564501 [2]天士力控股集团有限公司研究院,天津300410

出　　处：《酿酒科技》2022年第12期76-79,84,共5页Liquor-Making Science & Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技成果应用及产业化计划项目(黔科合成果[2020]2Y045);贵州省仁怀市科技计划项目(仁科支撑[2020]04号);遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合R&D[2020]31号);遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合支撑GY(2021)40号)。

摘　　要：小麦作为酱香型白酒高温大曲的唯一粮食原料,其品质直接影响成曲的质量。“硬度”是评价酱香型白酒制曲原料小麦的重要标准之一,行业中一般要求制曲生产至少使用60%的软质小麦。然而,这种质量要求仍然是一种基于主观经验判断的方法。本文在国标GB/T 21304—2007《小麦硬度测定硬度指数法》的基础上建立了酱香型白酒制曲用小麦硬度的评价方法,并采用该方法对河南产区25种不同品质小麦以及某大型酱香型白酒企业的29批次入厂小麦的硬度进行普查。结果显示,河南产区25种小麦的硬度区间为43.67~69.97,均值为60.10;企业入厂小麦的硬度区间为47.1~59.8,均值为53.0,且不同软硬麦梯度配比后硬度指数呈线性关系(R^(2)=0.975)。结合制曲工艺和曲块质量评价标准,建议酱香型白酒制曲用小麦硬度指数为48.0~55.0。本研究结果可指导酱香型白酒制曲以及完善小麦的质量评价标准。Wheat is the only Daqu-making raw material of Jiangxiang Baijiu,and its quality directly affects the quality of Daqu.Hardness is one of the most important evaluation criteria of wheat,and the industry generally requires that at least 60%soft wheat be used in the production of Daqu.Based on the hardness index method provided in national standard GB/T 21304-2007,a method for the evaluation of the hardness of Daqu-making wheat was established in this study.The method was used to investigate the hardness of25 different wheat varieties from Henan and 29 batches of wheat from a large Jiangxiang Baijiu distillery.The results showed that the hardness range of the 25 wheat varieties from Henan was 43.67 to 69.97,with an average of 60.10;the hardness range of the 29 batches of wheat from the distillery was 47.1 to 59.8,with an average of 53.0.The hardness showed a linear relationship(R^(2)=0.975)under different gradient ratio of soft and hard wheat.According to the Daqu-making technology and the quality evaluation standard of Daqu,it is suggested that the hardness of Daqu-making wheat of Jiangxiang Baijiu be between 48.0 and 55.0.The results of the study can guide the Daqu-making of Jiangxiang Baijiu and improve the quality evaluation standard of wheat.

关 键 词：酱香型白酒 高温大曲 大曲质量 硬度指数 小麦品种 

分 类 号：TS262.3[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] TS261.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]