以可可碱为主的潮州野生茶树资源的生化特征  

Researches on the Biochemical Characteristics of Chaozhou Wild Tea Plants Which Containing Theobromine Mainly

作　　者：黄亚辉[1] 吴凡 许泽辉 许俊清 曾贞[1] 莫晓丽 HUANG Yahui;WU Fan;XU Zehui;XU Junqing;ZENG Zhen;MO Xiaoli(College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Raoping Yikang Tea Co.,LTD,Raoping 521000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]饶平县益康茶叶有限公司,广东饶平521000

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2022年第4期423-429,共7页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：广东省茶叶产业体系育种岗位(2022KJ120)。

摘　　要：本研究从潮州野生茶树资源中发现了以可可碱为优势生物碱的种质资源14份,可可碱含量在29.87~55.94mg/g,其优势儿茶素为GCG,含量在20.99~42.21 mg/g,未检测到EGC和ECG。这14份茶树种质资源在生物碱及儿茶素特征上与‘南昆山毛叶茶’较为相似,可能为茶种近缘植物或天然杂交种,具有极大的开发潜力;其余11份资源以咖啡碱为优势生物碱,其优势儿茶素单体为EGCG,含量在43.54~96.89 mg/g,可能为茶种。在特异生化成分种质资源方面,发现高咖啡碱资源1份(含量56.64 mg/g)、高可可碱资源5份(Tb>50 mg/g)、高EGCG茶树资源1份(含量96.86 mg/g)和高EGC茶树资源2份(EGC>30 mg/g),可为相关茶树品种的选育提供基础。14 wild tea resources from Chaozhou were found with theobromine as their dominant alkaloid,theobromine content was between 29.87~55.94 mg/g,the dominant catechin content was GCG,its content was between 20.99~42.21mg/g,and no EGC and ECG were detected.The characteristics of alkaloids and catechins from these 14 resources were similar to those of Camellia ptilophylla Chang,they might be relative plants or natural hybrids of tea species.At the same time,caffeine was detected as the dominant alkaloid among other 11 resources,while their dominant catechin monomer was EGCG,with its content between 43.54~96.89 mg/g,the results showed that these 11 resources were possibly tea species.In terms of biochemical component specific germplasm resources,one tea resource with high caffeine(content 56.64 mg/g),five tea resources with high theobromine(Tb>50 mg/g),one tea resource with high EGCG(content 96.86 mg/g)and two tea resources with high EGC(EGC>30 mg/g)were discovered.These specific germplasm resources could be the foundation for tea plant breeding.

关 键 词：野生茶树 可可碱 生化特征 种质资源 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]