积极劳动力市场政策背景下丹麦教育改革的实践及启示  

The Practice and Enlightenment of Denmark Educational Reform Under the Background of Active Labor Market Policy

作　　者：冯旭芳[1] 章曼娜 王佳桐 FENG Xufang;Zhang Manna;WANG Jiatong(Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College,Shaoxing Zhejiang 312000;Zhejiang Yuexiu University,Shaoxing Zhejiang 312000)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业职业技术学院高职教育研究所,浙江绍兴312000 [2]浙江工业职业技术学院商贸学院,浙江绍兴312000 [3]浙江越秀外国语学院国际商学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2023年第1期104-112,共9页Contemporary Vocational Education

基　　金：2023年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“共同富裕下浙江省普惠性职业技能培训体系的构建策略与实施路径”(编号:23NDJC370YB);第70批中国博士后面上基金项目“东北亚创业型大学政策与发展模式比较研究”(编号:2021M702912);2022年度浙江省人力资源和社会保障厅课题“浙江省职业技能培训体制机制创新研究”(编号:2022005)。

摘　　要：丹麦的劳动力市场政策以其灵活保障模式而闻名,其积极劳动力市场政策历经探索尝试、运用完善、重新审视、整顿深化四个阶段,呈现提供多样化服务、强化个性化定制服务、坚持开放性与灵活性并存等特征。教育改革作为丹麦积极劳动力市场政策的重要组成部分,对振兴劳动力市场发挥了重要作用,丹麦从形成职业教育体系多元化结构、突出职业教育的实践性和联动性、将中小学创新创业教育上升为国家战略、普及“责任大学”范式以提升社会服务能力等方面进行教育改革实践,其教育目标积极反映社会需求、教育内容具有很强的实践性、教育治理结构有助于教育内容落地、教育体制机制灵活且高效。在我国产业结构转型升级、高水平应用型人才严重短缺的当下,丹麦教育改革的实践经验可为我国增强职业教育适应性、促进中小学创新创业教育、提升高等教育服务经济社会发展能力等方面提供有益参考。Denmark labor market policy is known for its flexibility.Its active labor market policy has gone through four stages of exploration,application,reexamination,consolidation and deepening,showing the characteristics such as providing diversified services,strengthening personalized customization,and insisting on both openness and flexibility.As an important part of Denmark active labor market policy,educational reform has played an important role in revitalizing the labor market.Denmark has carried out educational reform in terms of forming a diversified structure of the vocational education system,highlighting the practicality and linkage of vocational education,upgrading innovation and entrepreneurship education in primary and secondary schools to a national strategy,and popularizing the responsible university model to improve social service capabilities.Denmark educational goals actively reflect the needs of society,the educational content has a strong practicality,the educational governance structure is conducive to implementing education content,and the education system and mechanism are flexible and efficient.In the context of the transformation and upgrading of China’s industrial structure and the severe shortage of high-level application-oriented talents,the practical experience of Denmark education reform can provide a useful reference such as improving the adaptability of vocational education,promoting innovation and entrepreneurship education in primary and secondary schools,and improving the ability of higher education to serve economic and social development.

关 键 词：积极劳动力市场政策 丹麦 教育改革 职业教育 创新创业教育 

分 类 号：G719[文化科学—职业技术教育学]