酒酒球菌基因功能研究方法进展  

Advances in Research Methods of Oenococcus Oeni Gene Function

作　　者：刘龙祥 于新宇 赵红玉 彭帅 王华[2] 许骥坤 宋炜钰 LIU Longxiang;YU Xinyu;ZHAO Hongyu;PENG Shuai;WANG Hua;XU Jikun;SONG Weiyu(Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta,College of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Binzhou University,Binzhou 256600,China;College of Enology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省黄河三角洲野生植物资源开发利用工程技术研究中心,滨州学院生物与环境工程学院,山东滨州256600 [2]西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《食品科技》2022年第11期1-9,共9页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(32001659,32102002);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2020QC224);山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划项目(2020KJD005)。

摘　　要：酒酒球菌(Oenococcus oeni)是葡萄酒苹果酸-乳酸发酵(Malolactic fermentation,MLF)的主要启动者与承担者,在葡萄酒酿造工业中具有重要地位。葡萄酒生境中的高酸度、高酒精度、低温等胁迫环境的存在,使得MLF的启动常常发生延迟甚至失败,因此,需要明确在酒酒球菌中发挥胁迫应答功能的关键基因及其作用机制。研究者利用组学技术发掘出大量与酒酒球菌特定表型或功能相关的基因,但相关研究进展缓慢,亟需确证这些基因与表型或功能的确切关系及其作用机制,为代谢调控或定向菌种改造增加MLF启动稳定性提供理论与技术支撑。文章归纳了组学技术和基因工程技术在酒酒球菌和植物乳杆菌中的应用进展,以期让研究者更加关注基因工程技术在酒酒球菌基因功能及其他相关的研究中,解决酒酒球菌基因功能研究的难题。Oenococcus oeni is the main initiator and carrier of malolactic fermentation(MLF),plays an important role in the wine-making industry.The initiation of MLF is often delayed or even failed due to the existence of high acidity,high alcohol content and low temperature in wine environment.Therefore,it is necessary to identify the key genes and their mechanism on stress response in Oenococcus oeni.A large number of genes related to specific phenotypes or functions of Oenococcus oeni have been discovered by omics techniques.However,the research of gene function are developing slowly.It is urgent to confirm the exact relationship between these genes and phenotype or function,so as to provide theoretical and technical support for strain metabolic regulation or direct construction to improve MLF starter robustness.In this paper,the application of omics technology and genetic engineering technology in Oenococcus oeni and related species Lactobacillus plantarum were reviewed,and some opinions were put forward,in order to make researchers pay more attention on the application of genetic engineering technology in malolactic fermentation strains,and solve the problem of Oenococcus oeni gene function research.

关 键 词：酒酒球菌 苹果酸-乳酸发酵 基因工程 基因编辑 胁迫应答 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]