酸处理对干燥香菇甲醛、镉及挥发性风味物质的影响  

Effects of Acid Treatment on Formaldehyde,Cadmium and Volatile Flavor Compounds in Dried Lentinus edodes

作　　者：高婵 王文亮[1,2,3] 李宁阳 王延圣[1,2,3] 弓志青[1,2,3] 李永生 贾凤娟[1,2,3] GAO Chan;WANG Wenliang;LI Ningyang;WANG Yansheng;GONG Zhiqing;LI Yongsheng;JIA Fengjuan(Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing Technology of Shandong Province,Jinan 250100,China;Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing,Ministry of Agriculture,Jinan 250100,China;School of Food Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农产品加工与营养研究所,山东济南250100 [2]山东省农产品精深加工技术重点实验室,山东济南250100 [3]农业部新食品资源加工重点实验室,山东济南250100 [4]山东农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第5期258-266,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目:小麦绿色生态关键技术创新与示范(2021TZXD010);山东省现代农业产业技术体系食用菌产后加工岗位专家项目(SDAIT-07-09)。

摘　　要：为降低香菇中甲醛和重金属镉的含量,本试验研究不同酸前处理对去除香菇甲醛和镉含量的影响,并对去除方法进行正交试验优化。结果表明,乳酸作为脱除剂,在pH4.5、料液比1:4 g/mL、振荡温度35℃条件下,香菇的甲醛和镉脱除率最大,分别是88.06%和79.57%。最后利用气相色谱-离子迁移质谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,GC-IMS)测定乳酸前处理对香菇挥发性风味物质的影响,结果表明,香菇样品中共有28种挥发性物质,包括9种醛类、8种酮类、6种醇类、4种酯类以及1种酸类化合物。经过乳酸预处理干燥后的香菇,2-戊酮、环己酮、γ-丁内酯等含量增加,3-辛酮、丁醛等含量大幅降低。干燥香菇中洋葱味、辛辣味等刺激性味道减少,奶油香、果香增加,气味浓郁,层次丰富。In order to reduce the content of formaldehyde and heavy metal cadmium in Lentinus edodes,the effect of different acid pretreatments on the removal of formaldehyde and cadmium content in Lentinus edodes was studied,and the removal method was optimized orthogonally.The results showed that the removal rate of formaldehyde and cadmium from Lentinus edodes was the highest under the conditions of pH4.5,solid-liquid ratio 1:4 g/mL,and shaking temperature 35℃,which were 88.06%and 79.57%,respectively.Finally,gas chromatography-ion mobility mass spectrometry(GC-IMS)was used to determine the effect of lactic acid pretreatment on volatile flavor compounds of Lentinus edodes.The results showed that there were 28 volatile substances in Lentinus edodes samples,including 9 kinds of aldehydes,8 kinds of ketones,6 kinds of alcohols,4 kinds of esters and 1 kind of acid compounds.The lactic acid pretreatment dried Lentinus edodes showed an increase in 2-pentanone,cyclohexanone and gamma-butyrolactone and a significant reduction in 3-octanone and butyraldehyde.In dried Lentinus edodes,pungent flavours such as onion and pungency were reduced,and creamy and fruity aromas were increased,with a strong,richly layered odour.

关 键 词：香菇 乳酸 甲醛 镉 挥发性成分 指纹图谱 

分 类 号：TS255[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]