体重规格对杂交鲟肌肉与皮组织中营养成分的影响  

Effect of Weight Size on Nutritional Components in Muscle and Skin Tissues of Hybrid Sturgeon(Huso dauricus♀×Acipenser schrenckii♂)

作　　者：谢全森 刘艺冉 栗建军 王晓宁[2] 李岁艳 梁合文 孙彩娟[2] 郭少华[2] XIE Quansen;LIU Yiran;LI Jianjun;WANG Xiaoning;LI Suiyan;LIANG Hewen;SUN Caijuan;GUO Shaohua(College of Life Science and Engineering,Handan University,Handan 056005,China;Handan Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Handan 056005,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸学院生命科学与工程学院,河北邯郸056005 [2]邯郸市水产技术推广站,河北邯郸056005

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第5期380-387,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：邯郸市科技研发项目(22422202148ZC);河北省农业体系淡水养殖创新团队二期(2018-2022)。

摘　　要：为了给杂交鲟(达氏鳇♀×史氏鲟♂)深加工利用提供基本借鉴,以三种不同规格(1500.05±1.50)g、(3002.25±2.55)g和(4505.25±4.15)g的杂交鲟为研究对象,测定其肌肉及鱼皮组织的营养成分。结果显示,(3002.25±2.55)g杂交鲟鱼的肌肉和鱼皮占体重比例在三组为最高,且显著高于(1500.05±1.50)g组(P<0.05)。随着取样鱼体质量的增大,肌肉及皮组织的胶原蛋白、必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸和氨基酸总和均呈先升后降趋势,中等规格(体质量为(3002.25±2.55)g)的杂交鲟中最高。测得肌肉的第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸(methionine,Met)+半胱氨酸(cysteine,Cys),而缬氨酸(valine,Val)为鱼皮的第一限制性氨基酸;根据WHO/FAO和CS模式对各组进行计算结果表明,体质量为(3002.25±2.55)g规格下的杂交鲟氨基酸均衡性最好且营养价值最适合食品加工利用。从杂交鲟的肌肉和皮组织中检测出的脂肪酸种类数量相同,肌肉的饱和脂肪酸含量低于皮组织,皮组织的单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量低于肌肉。三种鲟鱼的肌肉和皮组织中所测必需矿物质元素含量均随体重规格增大呈先升后降趋势但均不显著(P>0.05),其中钠、镁和钾的含量在两个组织中均为前三位。研究结果表明,体重规格影响杂交鲟肌肉及鱼皮的营养成分组成,(3002.25±2.55)g体质量的杂交鲟鱼营养成分品质最平衡适合深度加工利用。The nutritional quality of muscles and skins of different sizes:1500.05±1.50 g,3002.25±2.55 g and 4505.25±4.15 g,were systematically studied,which could provide basic data for processing and comprehensive utilization of hybrid sturgeon.The results showed that the muscle and skin of(3002.25±2.55)g of hybrid sturgeon accounted for the highest proportion of body weight,which were significantly higher than that of the(1500.05±1.50)g(P<0.05).With the increased of specifications,collagen,EAA,DAA and TAA in each group showed a trend of first increased and then decreased,with the middle-sized hybrid sturgeon was the highest,and the first restricted amino acids in the muscle and skin of hybrid sturgeon were Met+Cys and Val,respectively,which indicated that the(3002.25±2.55)g of hybrid sturgeon had better amino acid balance and the best nutritional value.The amount of fatty acids detected from the muscle and skin of hybrid sturgeon was the same,the content of saturated fatty acids in muscle was relatively lower than that in skin,while the content of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher than that in skin.Among the three specifications of hybrid sturgeon muscle,the contents of Na,Mg and K rank among the top three essential mineral elements,and the measured essential mineral elements all showed a trend of first increased and then decreased with the specification increased,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The results showed that the weight specifications affected the nutrient composition in muscle and skin of hybrid sturgeon,and the(3002.25±2.55)g body mass was the most balanced,suitable for deep processing and utilization.

关 键 词：体重规格 杂交鲟 肌肉 鱼皮 营养成分 

分 类 号：S986.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]