化学学科核心素养导向下的“化学平衡”教学研究  

Teaching of“Chemical Balance”Under the Guidance of the Core Literacy of Chemistry Discipline

作　　者：杨大岭 YANG Da-Ling(Gucheng County No.1 Middle School,Gucheng 441700,China)

机构地区：[1]谷城县第一中学,湖北谷城441700

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2023年第5期60-68,共9页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：湖北省教育科学研究院2022年重点课题“高中化学教学中培养学生‘模型认知’素养途径的研究”(编号:2022JA179)。

摘　　要：为了克服现行教材编写的不足及现有教学研究的局限性,在“化学平衡”主题教学中设计和实施“素养为本”的有效课堂教学策略。引导学生从宏观上认识可逆反应及化学平衡状态,再从微观上对化学平衡进行解释。通过猜想、演算、验证、推广等探究活动认识化学平衡常数,从而实现化学平衡的定性分析到定量判断。通过“收集证据、提出假设、构建模型、模型预测和实验验证”等活动探究外界条件对化学平衡的影响,创新了“勒夏特列原理”的认识方式。整节教学中设计“以真实情境为载体,以具体问题为驱动,以实验事实为证据,以思维模型为导向”的基本教学程序,让学生在系列探究活动中逐步发展化学学科核心素养。This study overcomes the shortcomings of the current textbook writing and the limitations of the existing teaching research,and designs and implements the effective“literacy-oriented”classroom teaching strategy in the course of“chemical balance”theme teaching.This paper guides the students to understand the reversible reaction and the chemical balance state from the macro level,and then explains the chemical balance from the micro level.Understanding the chemical balance constant through the conjecture,calculus,verification,promotion and other exploration activities,so as to realize the qualitative analysis of the chemical balance to the quantitative judgment.Through the activities of“collecting evidence,proposing hypothesis,building model and model prediction,and experimental verification”,the way of“Lecharet principle”is innovated.In the whole section,the basic teaching program of“real situation as the carrier,specific problems,experimental facts as evidence and thinking model as the guidance”is designed,so that students can gradually develop the core quality of chemistry in a series of inquiry activities.

关 键 词：可逆反应 化学平衡 化学平衡常数 勒夏特列原理 化学学科核心素养 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]