牡蛎多糖结构特征、理化特性及抗氧化活性研究  

Structural characteristics,physicochemical properties,and antioxidant activity of oyster polysaccharides

作　　者：刘良伟 任杰 侯俊财[1] 李亚楠 卢知浩 韩爽[3] 刘飞[1] 刘文颖[2] LIU Liangwei;REN Jie;HOU Juncai;LI Yanan;LU Zhihao;HAN Shuang;LIU Fei;LIU Wenying(Key Laboratory of Dairy of Science,Ministry of Education,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides,China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries,Beijing 100015,China;Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,乳品科学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国食品发酵工业研究院,北京市蛋白功能肽工程技术研究中心,北京100015 [3]北京工业大学环境与生命学部,北京100124

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第6期57-63,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：东北农业大学“学术骨干”项目(20XG12);十三五国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0400604);北京市科技创新基地培育与发展工程专项(Z191100002819001)。

摘　　要：该文研究了牡蛎多糖(oyster polysaccharide,OPS)的结构特征、热稳定性、流变特性和体外抗氧化活性,采用酶解法和Sevage法除蛋白提取牡蛎多糖,通过苯酚-硫酸法、考马斯亮蓝法、高效液相凝胶渗透色谱法(high performance liquid gel permeation chromatography,HAGPC)、1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone,PMP)衍生化多糖水解物法、扫描电镜及紫外可见光谱和红外光谱分析等方法对其总糖含量、分子质量、单糖组成、基团构成、微观结构、流变特性和抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明OPS是一种杂多糖,分子质量为623.24 kDa,由葡萄糖、甘露糖、核糖、半乳糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖和岩藻糖组成,主要是葡萄糖,其含量为95.35%,是通过β-糖苷键将葡萄糖连接而成的多聚糖。OPS微观表面比较疏松,呈珊瑚状结构。OPS存在糖类特征基团,具有吡喃环和3股螺旋结构。经热重分析得出OPS具有较好的热稳定性。多糖溶液是剪切变稀的假塑性流体,且0.5%(质量分数)的OPS溶液具有良好的黏度。OPS对DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、亚铁离子螯合能力和羟自由基的半数抑制浓度(IC_(50)值)分别为0.36、2.71、4.15、1.21 mg/mL。研究结果为进一步开发牡蛎多糖的利用价值,特别是在增稠剂和抗氧化剂方面的应用提供依据,为牡蛎资源的综合开发利用,促进牡蛎的高值高效加工提供参考。The structural characteristics,thermal stability,rheological properties,and antioxidant activity of oyster polysaccharide(OPS)were studied.The oyster polysaccharide was extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis and Sevage method.The phenol-sulfuric acid method,Coomassie brilliant blue binding method,high performance liquid gel permeation chromatography(HAGPC),PMP derivatized polysaccharide hydrolysate method,scanning electron microscope,and UV-visible and infrared spectroscopy analysis of total sugar content,molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,group composition,microstructure,rheology properties,and antioxidant activity.Results showed that OPS was a heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 623.24 kDa.It was composed of glucose,mannose,ribose,galactose,xylose,arabinose,and fucose,the main glucose with a content of 95.35%,which was produced byβ-polysaccharide formed by linking glucose by glycosidic bonds.The microscopic surface of OPS was relatively loose and had a coral-like structure.OPS existed in characteristic groups of carbohydrates,with pyran rings and triple helical structures.The thermogravimetric analysis showed that OPS had good thermal stability.The polysaccharide solution was a shear-thinning pseudoplastic fluid,and the 0.5%(mass fraction)OPS solution had good viscosity.The median inhibitory concentrations(IC_(50)values)of OPS on DPPH radical,ABTS cationic radical,ferrous ion chelating ability,and hydroxyl radical were 0.36,2.71,4.15,and 1.21 mg/mL,respectively.Results provided a basis for further developing the application value of oyster polysaccharides,especially in thickening agents and antioxidants and provided a reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of oyster resources and the promotion of high-value and efficient processing of oysters.

关 键 词：牡蛎多糖 化学组成 结构表征 理化特性 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]