英国孤独症教育安置政策制定与实践及其启示  

The Development and Practice of Autism Education Placement Policy in the UK and Its Implications

作　　者：廖旖旎 LIAO Yini(Department of Psychology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学心理学系,广州510006

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期133-141,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：广东省教育规划课题“粤港澳大湾区特殊教育融合发展研究”(2020WQYB032)。

摘　　要：孤独症谱系障碍的患病率逐年上升,成为当前国际社会关注的热点议题。孤独症人士因年龄及症状程度呈现不同的特点,其教育安置面临不同的问题与挑战:主要包括学龄前儿童的干预密度问题、学龄儿童的融合教育挑战、青少年心理健康问题以及向成年期过渡的困境。由于以上问题的特殊性,孤独症人士的教育安置与其他残障人士相比有明显的区别,也更为复杂。英国的孤独症教育安置政策与法案较为明确,为孤独症儿童、青少年和成年群体的成长与发展提供了较为充分的支持。借鉴英国在孤独症教育安置政策制定与实践方面的经验,我们可以从家庭、学校、多团队介入和转衔期支持几个方面思考我国的孤独症教育安置政策,推进我国扶残、助残事业的发展。The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is increasing year by year and has become a hot topic in the international community.People diagnosed with ASD demonstrate different characteristics depending on their age and the heterogeneity of autism symptoms,and therefore the educational placement of people with ASD is facing different issues and challenges including the intensity of intervention for preschoolers,the challenges of inclusive education for school-aged children,the mental health problems of adolescents,and the difficulties of transition to adulthood.Because of the specificity of these issues,the educational placement policy for individuals with ASD is significantly different and more complex than for those who have other disabilities or disorders.In the UK,its educational placement policy and laws are relatively clear,which provides adequate support for the growth and development of children with ASD,adolescents and adults.Learning from the UK experience of autism educational placement policy development and practice,we can consider our autism educational placement policy from the aspects of involving family members,schools,multi-team cooperation and providing support for the students in the transition stage,and promote the development of the cause of supporting and helping disabled people.

关 键 词：孤独症 教育安置 儿童 青少年 成年人 特殊教育 心理健康 

分 类 号：G76[文化科学—特殊教育学]