高速铁路路基沉降对车体振动影响研究  

Study on the influence of subgrade settlement on car body vibration of high-speed railway

作　　者：高雅 尤明熙 杨飞 支洋 张瑶 赵文博 李威霖 GAO Ya;YOU Mingxi;YANG Fei;ZHI Yang;ZHANG Yao;ZHAO Wenbo;LI Weilin(Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Departmemt of Track,Communication&Signaling and Power Supply,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院基础设施检测研究所,北京100081 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司工电部,北京100844

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第4期1139-1148,共10页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(P2021G053);铁科院集团公司科研开发计划项目(2021YJ022)。

摘　　要：某开通时间较短的高速铁路线路受连续降雨影响,路基沉降快速发展,导致部分区段轨道结构发生变形,使轨道不平顺幅值明显增加,引起车体振动加剧,对列车运行的安全性和稳定性造成影响。为了研究路基沉降引起的轨道不平顺对车体振动的影响,选取典型路基沉降区段连续4次动态检测数据进行时频特征分析,结合建立的车辆-有砟轨道空间耦合动力学仿真模型,研究路基沉降区段轨道不平顺和车体振动加速度之间的映射关系,获得了路基沉降不平顺波长和状态演变对车辆动力响应的影响规律。研究结果表明:降雨导致的路基沉降对高低不平顺和车体垂向加速度的影响显著,对轨向不平顺和车体横向加速度的影响较小;路基沉降区段的高低不平顺与车体垂向加速度幅值变化趋势和振动频率基本相同,42~70 m波长高低不平顺的幅值增加是造成车体垂向振动加剧的主要原因;依据仿真结果,路基沉降引起的高低不平顺幅值急剧增加会造成行车过程中局部轮轨垂向力显著减小,导致轮重减载率显著增加;对于速度等级250 km/h的线路,建议雨后重点盯控路基沉降点长波高低不平顺的变化,针对车体垂向振动加速度不良区段的养护维修作业,应着重调整42~70 m波长高低不平顺幅值,以保障车辆安全稳定运营。A high-speed railway with a short operation time is affected by continuous rainfall,resulting in the rapid development of subgrade settlement,which leads to the deformation of track structure in some sections,and then the amplitude of track irregularity has increased significantly.Meanwhile,the vehicle body vibration has intensified,which has an impact on the safety and stability of vehicle operation.In order to study the influence of subgrade settlement irregularity on vehicle body vibration,the time-frequency characteristics were analyzed on four consecutive measured data of typical subgrade settlement sections.Combined with vehicle-ballasted track coupled dynamic model,the mapping relationship between track irregularity and vehicle acceleration in subgrade settlement section was studied,and the influence of subgrade settlement irregularity wavelength and state evolution on vehicle dynamic response was obtained.The results show that:The subgrade settlement caused by rainfall has a significant impact on the vertical irregularity and the vertical car body acceleration,but has little impact on the lateral irregularity and the lateral car body acceleration;The amplitude variation trend and vibration frequency of car body vertical acceleration are the same as that of the vertical irregularity of the subgrade settlement section.The increase of the amplitude of the vertical irregularity with a wavelength of 42~70 m is the main reason for the intensification of the car body vertical vibration;According to the simulation results,the sharp increase of vertical irregularity amplitude caused by subgrade settlement will significantly reduce the local wheel-rail vertical force and increase the wheel load reduction rate;For the line with the design speed of 250 km/h,it is suggested to focus on controlling the variation of long wave vertical irregularities after rain.For the maintenance of the section with poor vertical acceleration of car body,the vertical irregularity amplitude of 42~70 m wavelength should be adjusted to ens

关 键 词：高速铁路 轨道不平顺 车体振动 车辆-轨道耦合 动力响应 

分 类 号：U213.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]