农村学前儿童家庭教育现状及影响因素研究——基于保定市4519个家庭的数据  

The Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Rural Preschool Children′s Family EducationBased on the Data from 4519 Families in Baoding

作　　者：解会欣 陈丽[2] 杨秀治[1] XIE Huixin;CHEN Li;YANG Xiuzhi(Faculty of Preschool Education,Beijing Institute of Education,Beijing 100009,China;Teacher Training and Exchange Center,Beijing Institute of Education,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京教育学院学前教育学院,北京100009 [2]北京教育学院合作培训部,北京100044

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报》2023年第2期52-60,共9页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：北京市教育委员会支援合作项目“保定市脱贫县幼儿园张春炬园长工作室”项目研究成果。

摘　　要：对保定市8个贫困县、4519个农村学前儿童家庭的问卷调查发现,农村学前儿童家长对家庭教育职责的认识最到位,但家庭教育意识和教育效能感较差;家长处理亲子冲突方面表现欠佳;亲子关系得分较高,但在学前儿童发展维度存在得分较低的项目;父亲在家庭教育中缺位较为严重,母亲在家庭教育职责和意识方面显著优于父亲;家庭社会经济地位完全中介于家庭教育观念对家庭教育行为产生影响,家庭社会经济地位中介于家庭教育观念、家庭教育观念和行为两条路径对家庭教育效果产生影响。因此,家庭教育观念和行为是实现农村高质量家庭教育的关键。基于此,建议构建覆盖城乡的家庭教育指导服务体系,完善农村学前儿童家庭教育指导内容体系建设,加强科学研究,完善农村家庭教育指导人才培养机制,真正提高农村学前儿童家庭教育效果。A questionnaire survey of 4519 rural preschool children′s families in 8 impoverished counties of Baoding finds that parents of rural preschool children have the best understanding of the responsibility of family education,but their awareness of family education and sense of educational efficacy are poor;that parents′performance in dealing with parent-child conflict is poor;that the score of parent-child relationship is higher,but there are items with lower scores in the dimension of preschool children development;that the father′s absence in family education is relatively serious,and the mother′s responsibility and awareness in family education are significantly better than the father′s;and that the family socioeconomic status is completely mediated by the family education concept on the family education behavior,and the family socioeconomic status is mediated by the family education concept,family education concept and behavior on the family education effect.Therefore,the concept and behavior of family education are the key to achieving high-quality family education in rural areas.Based on this,it is recommended to construct a family education guidance service system that covers both urban and rural areas,improve the construction of the content system for rural preschool children family education guidance,strengthen scientific research,and improve the talent cultivation mechanism for rural preschool children family education guidance,truly improving the effectiveness of rural preschool children family education.

关 键 词：农村地区 学前儿童 家庭教育 家庭社会经济地位 

分 类 号：G616[文化科学—学前教育学]