基于RNA-seq技术挖掘影响甘南娟犏牛肌肉保水性的关键基因  

Mining Key Genes Affecting Muscle Water Retention of Gannan Dzo(Bos taurus)Based on RNA-seq Technology

作　　者：王长峰 韩玲[1] 李爱霞[1] 余群力[1] 张丽[1] 石红梅 孔祥颖 朱潇鹏 张新军 WANG Chang-Feng;HAN Ling;LI Ai-Xia;YU Qun-Li;ZHANG Li;SHI Hong-Mei;KONG Xiang-Ying;ZHU Xiao-Peng;ZHANG Xin-Jun(College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Gannan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation,Gannan 747000,China;Qinghai Haibei Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Research Institute,Haibei 812200,China;Gansu Wanhe Grass and Livestock Industry Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730070,China;Ningxia Xiahua Meat Food Co.,Ltd.,Zhongwei 75500,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省甘南州畜牧兽医工作站,甘南747000 [3]青海省海北畜牧兽医科学研究所,海北812200 [4]甘肃万禾草畜产业科技开发有限公司,兰州730070 [5]宁夏夏华肉食品有限公司,中卫755000

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2023年第6期1182-1192,共11页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-37);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑引导项目(2020C-18);甘肃省科技计划资助项目(22JR5RA883)。

摘　　要：肌肉保水性是食用肉类品质重要特征之一,其极大地影响肉的感官特性和经济价值。为了筛选影响甘南娟犏牛(Bos taurus)肌肉保水性相关的差异表达基因,本研究选取健康、生长发育良好、出栏时间相同、体重均匀的牦牛(Bos grunniens)和娟犏牛各3头,采集背最长肌为受试材料,进行蒸煮损失、加压损失、滴水损失测定和RNA-seq转录组测序,以差异表达倍数值|log2(Fold change)|≥1且显著性水平P<0.05作为挑选差异表达基因的条件。结果显示,牦牛蒸煮损失和滴水损失显著高于娟犏牛(P<0.05),加压损失显著低于娟犏牛(P<0.05);测序结果共得到748个差异表达基因,其中526个下调、222个上调。为了验证测序数据的可靠性,随机选取6个差异表达基因进行qRT-PCR验证,基因表达趋势与转录组测序结果一致,表明测序结果可靠。通过GO功能注释和KEGG通路富集分析发现,与肌肉保水性相关的条目有纤维蛋白的溶解、蛋白质的分解、葡萄糖代谢过程及肌动蛋白细胞骨架组织的调节,参与保水性相关的通路有糖酵解/糖异生、过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体(peroxisome proliferator activated receptor,PPAR)及AMP依赖的蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)信号通路等;共获得55个非冗余的差异表达基因,其中肌钙蛋白T2(troponin T type 2,TNNT2)、骨形态发生蛋白1(bone morphogenetic protein 1,BMP1)、脂肪酸结合蛋白1(fatty acid-binding protein 1,FABP1)和低密脂蛋白受体相关蛋白1(low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1,LRP1)与娟犏牛保水性相关,可作为娟犏牛肉质性状遗传育种改良的候选基因。本研究为深入开展牛肌肉保水性的分子机制研究提供基础资料。Muscle water retention is one of the important characteristics of edible meat quality,and greatly affects the sensory characteristics and economic value of meat.In order to screen the differentially expressed genes associated with muscle water retention of Gannan dzo(Bos taurus),3 yaks(Bos grunniens)and 3 dzoes,each with healthy growth and development,equivalent slaughter time and even weight,were slaughtered in line with standardization.The longissimus dorsi muscle was collected as the experimental material for the determination of cooking loss,pressure loss,dripping loss and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing.The differential expression multiplier value|log2(Fold change)|≥1 and the significance level P<0.05 were used as the conditions for selecting the differential expression genes.The cooking loss and dripping loss of yak were significantly higher than that of dzo(P<0.05),and the pressure loss was significantly lower than that of dzo(P<0.05).A total of 748 differentially expressed genes were obtained from the sequencing results,including 526 down-regulated and 222 up-regulated genes.In order to verify the reliability of the sequencing data,6 differentially expressed genes were randomly selected for qRT-PCR verification.The gene expression trend was consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results,indicating that the sequencing results were reliable.GO function annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that the items related to muscle water retention included fibrinolysis,protein decomposition,glucose metabolism and regulation of actin cytoskeleton,and the pathways involved in water retention include glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,peroxisome proliferator activated receptor(PPAR)and AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK).A total of 55 nonredundant differentially expressed genes were obtained,of which troponin T type 2(TNNT2),bone morphogenetic protein 1(BMP1),fatty acid-binding protein 1(FABP1)and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1(LRP1)were related to the water retention of dzo,which cou

关 键 词：娟犏牛 RNA-SEQ 差异表达基因 保水性 肌肉 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]