注重各学段衔接的学制体系构建--法国基础教育学制研究  

Constructing the School System That Emphasizes the Connection of Each Education Stage:Research of French Basic Education School System

作　　者：岳河 冯永刚 王永丽[2] YUE He;FENG Yonggang;WANG Yongli(Faculty of Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014;Research Division,Center for Education Management Information of the Ministry of Education,P.R.China,Beijing 100816)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学教育学部,济南250014 [2]教育部教育管理信息中心研究处,北京100816

出　　处：《基础教育参考》2023年第7期58-70,共13页Basic Education Review

基　　金：教育部教育管理信息中心教育管理与决策研究服务专项2022年度委托课题“基础教育学制变革管理及其发展趋势研究”(编号:MOE-CIEM-2022020)。

摘　　要：基础教育学制不仅是国家教育制度的地基,也是教育宏观改革与教育活动实践的重要环节。法国从十八世纪至今,历经数次改革,形成了以“为了全体学生成功”为首要旨意的基础教育学制。文章以学制作为透视法国教育的基点,梳理了法国学制发展的历史沿革,包括幼儿教育、小学教育、中学教育、高中教育四个学段的发展历史及当前的学区制度和学制结构,总结了法国当前学制体系的特色,如集权与分权相互博弈的教育管理体制,特殊与普通融合生长的全纳教育,升学与就业双向行驶的普职融通教育通道等,以期在剖析法国经验的基础上为我国基础教育学制改革提供思路。The academic system of basic education serves as both the national education system’s rams-stone foundation and a crucial link in the macro-education reform and the actual delivery of educational activities.Since the 18th century,France has undergone several reforms by forming the basic education system with“for the success of all students”as the primary purpose.Based on the analysis of French education on the school system,this paper explores the history of the development of the French school system,including the history of the four school stages of preschool education,primary education,middle school education,and high school education,as well as the current school district system and school system structure,then summarizes the highlights of the French school system,e.g.,the administration of education with competitive centralization and decentralization;inclusive special and ordinary education;integration of general education and vocational education channel with Two-Ways for employment and further education,so as to provide reference after analyzing the French experience from the basic education system reform.

关 键 词：法国 学制 基础教育 全纳教育 普职融通 

分 类 号：G51[文化科学—教育学]