地理“格局与过程耦合”思维对中学地理教学的启示  

Inspiration of Geography"Coupling of Patterns and Processes"Thinking for Geography Teaching in Middle Schools

作　　者：李小妹 连丽娜 陈昌文[2] LI Xiaomei;LIAN Lina;CHEN Changwen

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,陕西西安710119 [2]华东师范大学教师教育学院

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（基础教育版）》2023年第5期33-39,共7页Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Elementary Education Edition)

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目“‘基于云技术’的高校(中国地理)混合式课程教学模式构建与实践”(220503242074939);陕西省十四五教育科学规划2022年度课题“中学地理国家安全观教育课程体系构建及实践研究”(SGH22Y1266);陕西师范大学教学改革项目“‘双线融合教学’背景下大学生学习质量评价指标体系构建及实践研究”(2022);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“基础教育高质量发展下教师教育研究力的评价指标体系构建及实践研究”(GK202303002)。

摘　　要：综合性和区域性是地理学两大基本特征。地理学综合研究是对地球表层各要素的相互作用以及人地关系的研究。而格局是认识世界的表观,过程是理解事物变化的机理,格局与过程耦合是理解和研究地表过程的重要方法,是地理学综合研究的基本途径。通过对地理学的空间格局、地理过程及耦合机制的内涵及关系的阐述,研究发现“格局与过程耦合”思维对落实地理学科核心素养具有指向作用,构建地理“格局与过程耦合”思维模型,根据模型整合中学地理教材内容体系,提出教学实施策略:从尺度视角感知地理空间——从区域的视角诊断空间格局——从动态的视角探寻地理过程——从综合的视角剖析地理机制——从人地协调的视角预测、优化空间格局,以为中学教师在理解和落实地理学科核心素养方面提供方向和策略性建议。Geography is a subject which perceptibly reveals integration and regionalism through the comprehensive study of the interrelationships among the constituent elements of earth system and the relationship between natural and human systems.Pattern helps us to understand the external features of the world;the process is conducive to the understanding of the internal biophysical mechanism of the world;and the coupling of patterns and processes is an important method to understand and study the surface process.It is an effective way for comprehensive study of geography.By expounding the connotation and relationship of spatial pattern,process and coupling mechanism,and combining with the training goal of geography core literacy in middle schools,this paper studies the orientation of"Coupling of Patterns and Processes"to the implementation of geography core literacy and constructs the thinking model of"Coupling of Patterns and Processes"in high school geography.According to the model,integrating the content system of geography textbooks,the author proposes the implementation strategies:perceiving geographic spatial space from the perspective of scale-diagnosing spatial pattern,from the perspective of region-exploring the geographical process,from the dynamic perspective-analyzing geographical mechanism,from a comprehensive perspective-optimizing spatial pattern and from the perspective of human-land interaction.It provides direction and strategic suggestions for middle school teachers to understand and implement the core competences of geography.

关 键 词：中学地理 空间格局 地理过程 耦合机制 

分 类 号：G633.55[文化科学—教育学]