张敷荣对课程与教学论的学科化建构  

The Disciplinary Construction of Curriculum and Pedagogy by Distinguished Educator Zhang Furong

作　　者：姜文静[1] 兰英[1] Jiang Wenjing;Lan Ying(Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《教育研究》2023年第8期25-36,共12页Educational Research

摘　　要：课程与教学论的学科化是学科人在其学术部落中共同参与的一种社会践行。张敷荣先生对课程与教学论的学科化建构为中国特色课程与教学论学科化奠定了基础,表现在以下方面:在学科制度结构完善中以其所处的学校院系为阵地,实施学科计划,拓展学术交流;在学科边界划分中通过知识专业化、学科本质探寻、教材编订等彰显学科独立性;在学科主题确定中将教师、学生、课程、过程与方法、教材、学科历史等作为专业领域;在学科方法论上,结合学科属性和发展情况形成了特别注重比较法、实验法,并将访谈法、案例法、观察法、文献法作为重要支撑的学科方法体系。由此,形成了其学科化实践中多学科支撑的学科体系,兼容并包、融贯古今的学术体系,基于中国教育实际的话语体系和以“学生的发展”为逻辑起点的概念体系。当前的课程与教学论的学科化需要进行跨学科、情境性和学科互涉研究,组建多元知识主体的异质性学术部落,建构遵循学术与制度逻辑的学科共同体。The disciplinary construction of curriculum and pedagogy is a social practice of disciplinary people in their academic tribes.The disciplinary construction of curriculum and pedagogy by distinguished educator Zhang Furong(1904-1998)laid a foundation for the construction of the discipline of curriculum and pedagogy with Chinese characteristics.His disciplinary construction was reflected in the following aspects:In terms of improving the structure of the disciplinary system,he used his faculty as a position to practice the disciplinary plan and expand academic exchanges;in terms of dividing the boundaries of disciplines,he highlighted the independent discipline by constructing specialized knowledge,exploring the essence of the discipline,and compiling teaching materials;in terms of determining disciplinary themes,he viewed teachers,students,the curriculum,the process and methods,teaching materials,and disciplinary history as the specialized fields;and in terms of disciplinary methodology,he followed disciplinary attributes and development,and created the system of disciplinary methodology,which emphasized comparisons and experiments,and used interviews,cases,observations,and literature as an important support.Therefore,in his disciplinary practice,he developed a multi-disciplinary supporting system,an academic system integrating ancient and modern theories,a discourse system based on China's reality,and a conceptual system based on the starting logic of"students'development."At present,to construct the discipline of curriculum and pedagogy,we need to conduct trans-disciplinary,situational,and interdisciplinary research,establish an academic tribe composed of diversified knowledge subjects,and build a disciplinary community following academic and institutional logics.

关 键 词：张敷荣 课程与教学论 学科化 学科人 学科共同体 学术部落 

分 类 号：G40-4[文化科学—教育学原理] G642[文化科学—教育学]