丝状真菌降解拟除虫菊酯类农药和3-苯氧基苯甲酸研究进展  

Research Progress on the Degradation of Pyrethroids and 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid by Filamentous Fungi

作　　者：周巧 张梦梅 李建龙[1] 胡凯弟 李琴 刘书亮[1] ZHOU Qiao;ZHANG Mengmei;LI Jianlong;HU Kaidi;LI Qin;LIU Shuliang(College of Food Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya’an 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学食品学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《食品科学》2023年第19期207-219,共13页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31871770)。

摘　　要：拟除虫菊酯(pyrethroids,PYRs)类农药由于低毒、高效被广泛使用,其残留造成的环境和食品安全问题日益严重,3-苯氧基苯甲酸(3-phenoxybenzoic acid,3-PBA)是PYRs的主要中间降解产物之一,比母体农药更稳定,毒性更强,其残留进一步加重了环境和农产品污染。近年来,丝状真菌对PYRs和3-PBA降解的相关研究陆续被报道,其主要集中在降解菌株筛选、降解特性、降解途径及降解酶定位等方面,对于降解过程中涉及的关键酶及其编码基因少见报道。随着测序技术的发展,分子生物学技术为挖掘丝状真菌降解酶及编码基因提供了新途径。本文简述了PYRs和3-PBA的基本性质、残留现状及危害,综述了降解PYRs和3-PBA的丝状真菌、降解途径及降解酶,并对降解酶及其编码基因筛选和验证方法进行了展望,以期为揭示丝状真菌对PYRs及3-PBA的降解途径和降解机制提供理论依据,为消减环境及农产品中残留农药提供参考。Pyrethroids(PYRs)are widely used as pesticides due to low toxicity and high efficacy;however,PYRs residues have caused increasingly serious environmental and food safety problems.3-Phenoxybenzoic acid(3-PBA),one of the major intermediate degradation products of PYRs,is more stable and toxic than the parent pesticides,and its residue can further aggravate environmental and agricultural product pollution.In recent years,filamentous fungal degradation of PYRs and 3-PBA has been reported,and research on this topic mainly focuses on strain screening,degradation characteristics,degradation pathways and localization of degradation enzymes.Unfortunately,key enzymes and their encoding genes involved in the degradation process are rarely reported.With the development of sequencing technology,molecular biology technology has provided a new strategy to mine PYR-degrading enzymes and their encoding genes in filamentous fungi.In this article,the basic properties,residues status and hazards of PYRs and 3-PBA are described.The filamentous fungi capable of degrading PYRs and 3-PBA,and their degradation pathways and degrading enzymes are reviewed.In addition,future prospects for the development of methods for screening and verification of degrading enzymes and their encoding genes are discussed.We expect that this review will provide a theoretical basis for understanding the degradation pathways and mechanisms of PYRs and 3-PBA by filamentous fungi and provide a reference for reducing residual pesticides in the environment and agricultural products.

关 键 词：拟除虫菊酯类农药 3-苯氧基苯甲酸 丝状真菌 降解途径 降解酶 降解酶基因 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]